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| | Pope Alexander VI |
 | | But the treasures of the Church, her Divine character, her holiness, Divine revelation, the grace of God, spiritual authority, it is well known, are not dependent on the moral character of the agents and officers of the Church. |  | | The barons of the Pope deserted him one after the other. |  | | The Colonna, the Savelli, the Gaetani and other barons of the Patrimony had always been supported in their opposition to the popes by the favour of the Aragonese dynasty, deprived of which they felt themselves powerless. |
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http://www.catholicity.com/encyclopedia/a/alexander_vi,pope.html
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Callistus III |
 | | It was by order of Callistus III that the bells were rung at midday to remind the faithful that they should pray for the welfare of the crusaders. |  | | But the pope refused to acknowledge Ferdinand's claim to Naples and, as feudal lord of the territory, asserted for himself the power of disposing of it as he wished. |  | | Martin V appointed Borgia Bishop of Valencia (1429), and in 1444 Eugene IV made him cardinal. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03187a.htm
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| | Pope Callixtus III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | On June 29, 1456, he ordered the bells to be rung at noon (see noon bell) in all the Church to call Christians for praying. |  | | Calixtus III's pre-papal coat of arms featured a grazing ox. |  | | He ordered a new trial for Joan of Arc (c. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_III
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| | The Burning Issue: A Debate with a Revisionist |
 | | There is another Church, the Church Militant, in which are the Pope, the Vicar of God on earth, the Cardinals, Prelates of the Church, the Clergy and all good Christians and Catholics: this Church, regularly assembled, cannot err, being ruled by the Holy Spirit. |  | | Joan was informed by her judges as to the reasons why the Pope could not have heard her case which explains why her defiance of the Church Militant increased as the trial evolved and why she would not submit to the Church Militant (Pope Martin 5 and Euglenius 4 included). |
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http://maidjoan.tripod.com/burningissue.html
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| | Malcolm Bull's Calderdale Companion: Foldout |
 | | Pope Eugenius III made him Bishop and Cardinal and sent him on a mission to Scandinavia where he restored peace and order to the local churches and monasteries and set up two new archbishoprics. |  | | Benedict, Sylvester, and Gregory were deposed at the Council of Sutri (1046) and a German bishop (Suidger) became Pope Clement II. |  | | Because of this, it is said that the Catholic Church required that anyone elected Pope should prove evidence of his sex. |
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http://members.aol.com/calderdale/mmp164.html
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| | JIMMY AKIN.ORG: Who Can Be Pope? |
 | | Canon law requires that if the person elected pope is not yet a bishop that he be consecrated a bishop immediately, upon which he becomes pope (him having already accepted his election to the papacy prior to being consecrated a bishop). |  | | Over the years I did reading and researching of a personal nature on the various churches - and the Byzantine churches were truly persecuted by some of the more zealous faction of its Roman sister churches in the USA. |  | | Catholic man (not a priest) were elected Pope... |
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http://www.jimmyakin.org/2005/04/who_can_be_pope.html
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| | Borgias |
 | | The Pope's illegitimate daughter had married the scion of the powerful house of Este. |  | | Some later Popes have been no less interested in temporal power, but the checks and balances of the fifteen Congregations have prevented any one family from getting enough power to "inflict" more infamy on the Church. |  | | At first he sided with the faction that eventually succumbed, but he later served as the mediator who ended the dispute and left the Catholic Church with only one Pope. |
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http://www.mmdtkw.org/VBorgias.html
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| | Catholic Culture : Liturgical Year : October 23, 2004 : John of Capistrano |
 | | Mohammed II had taken Constantinope and was already marching against Belgrade, when Pope Callixtus III called St. John to preach the crusade; assisted by the Hungarian John Hunyadi, he gathered a strong Christian army, which defeated the Turks in the great battle of Belgrade (1453). |  | | Thirty percent of the population was killed by the Black Plague, the Church was split in schism and there were several men claiming to be pope. |  | | Before the reform of the General Roman Calendar St. John of Capistrano's feast was celebrated on March 28 and today was the feast of St. Anthony Mary Claret which is now observed on October 24. |
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http://www.catholicculture.org/lit/calendar/day.cfm?date=2004-10-23
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| | The Ecole Glossary |
 | | Callixtus died on the feast of the Transfiguration, which he had confirmed as a feast of the whole Roman church in honor of his victory at Belgrade, in 1458. |  | | In 1456, he reopened the trail of Joan of Arc, who had been burned at the stake in 1431; his court found her innocent of the charges of witchcraft and heresy. |  | | Appointed a cardinal in 1444, Borja was elected pope eleven years later, a compromise candidate. |
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http://www2.evansville.edu/ecoleweb/glossary/callixtusiii.html
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| | text manuscripts/new items |
 | | Whereas certain specific popes were routinely attached to the same texts and pictures, since a strictly chronological order was observed, there is some variation in the manuscript tradition, especially for the more recent popes. |  | | 9, Pope Urban V, seated and holding the two keys in his left hand, in his right he holds a flail over a peacock, while a hand emerges from the starry heavens to seize the flail, and on his left stands an angel who reaches out toward him; |  | | 7v, Pope Benedict XII, standing holding a book in his left hand, with his right making a gesture of blessing over a bleeding dog's head, a crow and a constellation of seven stars, while on his right a papal tiara floats in the air; |
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http://www.textmanuscripts.com/home/THEME/THEMEHISTORYDESCRITPION.PHP?m=84
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| | Pope Callixtus I: Encyclopedia topic |
 | | In fact the Church of St Callistus is close by, containing a well into which legend says his body was thrown, and this is probably the church he built, rather than the more famous basilica. |  | | A spot on which he had built an oratory was claimed by tavern keepers, but the Emperor decided that the worship of any god was better than a tavern. |  | | Callixtus established the practice of the absolution of all repented sins. |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/reference/pope_callixtus_i
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| | HighBeam Research: Library Search: Results |
 | | Already in 1426 Pope Callixtus III addressed a bull to the bishop of Cambrai demanding that... |  | | We recall Pope Callixtus's communication to the bishop of Cambrai in 1426 regarding... |  | | (61) Even Pope Callixtus II's (1119-1124) papal bull Sicut Judaies, which was an official attempt boll the church to curtail violence against Jews... |
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http://www.highbeam.com/library/search.asp?FN=SS&search_newspapers=on&search_magazines=on&q=Callixtus&refid=ency_botnm
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| | Blogger: Email Post to a Friend |
 | | St Patrzemis is a lesser known, now decanonised Polish Catholic saint who preached throughout the middle east towards the end of his life. |  | | James the Scottish archaeologist told me of some writing from the 1910’s that suggests Saint Patrzemis stopped at the Kubrawiyyah monastery and possibly converted to Islam and died here. |  | | These same claims apparently influenced Pope Pius XII to decanonise the saint in 1950 (although officially it was due to insufficient proof of his existence; obviously not true as there are many primary records of his papal visits and travel permissions). |
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http://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=8799140&postID=110075445142141149
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| | Timeline |
 | | Genoese-born Cristopher Columbus undertakes first voyage to the "New World": explores islands in West Indies, Cuba, Haiti; returns to Lisbon in 1493 |  | | Approximate date of Giorgione's birth in Castelfranco, Veneto |  | | Gutenberg Bible, earliest full-length book, printed in Mainz, Germany |
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http://www-class.unl.edu/ahis398b/classmats/timeline.html
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| | Here's What's Left: Cronyism |
 | | This derives from the historical tendency for Catholic popes and bishops, who had taken vows of chastity, to raise their illegitimate sons as "nephews" and to give them preference. |  | | For instance, Pope Callixtus III, of the Borgia family, made two of his nephews Cardinals; one of them, Rodrigo, later used his position as a Cardinal as a stepping stone to the papacy, becoming Pope Alexander VI. |  | | Several popes are known to have elevated nephews and other relatives to the cardinalate. |
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http://hereswhatsleft.typepad.com/home/2005/03/cronyism.html
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| | Calixtus III |
 | | The pope would not give away church lands and resented Alfonso's failure to help the crusade. |  | | Calixtus' reign was embittered by a quarrel with Alfonso, who expected returns, notably the march of Ancona, for his friendship. |  | | This Day in History: July 7 - July 7 Yesterday Tomorrow 1456 Twenty-five years after her execution, Pope Calixtus III annulled... |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0809907.html
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| | A World Lit Only By Fire/ Machiavelli/ and Anatomy of Revolu |
 | | In “A World Lit Only by Fire” by William Manchester, three people rose to my attention. |  | | Rodrigo had not yet chosen a career when his uncle was made Pope; this opened many doors for young Rodrigo. |  | | He was later adopted into the Borgia family, and was from then on known as Rodrigo Borgia. |
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http://www.radessays.com/link.php?site=re&aff=r2c2&dest=viewpaper.php?request=23595
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| | Pope Nicholas V - InfoSearchPoint.com |
 | | The pope bitterly felt this catastrophe as a double blow to Christendom and to Greek letters. |  | | Nicholas himself was a man of vast erudition, and his friend Aeneas Silvius (later Pope Pius II.) said of him that "what he does not know is outside the range of human knowledge". |  | | The eight years of his pontificate were important in the political, scientific and literary history of the world. |
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http://www.infosearchpoint.com/display/Pope_Nicholas_V
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| | Antipope Callixtus III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | There is also a pope with this name, Pope Callixtus III. |  | | After this he was named rector of Benevento, where he died a few years later. |  | | Frederick, when it became politically expedient, after the defeat of Legnano, switched his backing to Alexander, in the 1177 Peace of Venice, abjuring his position on 29 August 1178. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipope_Callixtus_III
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| | Valerio Ferme |
 | | The schism ended in the Council of Constance, which reestablished the primacy of the Roman Pope. |  | | Let his son take control of his territories, which returned, finally, under the Pope’s temporal control. |  | | The Renaissance popes, however, were little distinguished from other princes in the extravagance and immorality of their courts. |
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http://spot.colorado.edu/~ferme/Ital4160/popehandout.html
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| | The Ecole Glossary |
 | | His uncle sent him to Bologna to study and in 1456 made him a cardinal deacon. |  | | The nephew of Pope Callixtus III and the father of Lucrezia and Cesare Borgia, Rodrigo de Borja y Borja was born in 1431 in Valencia. |  | | He made Cesare a bishop and married his siblings to princesses and princes. |
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http://www2.evansville.edu/ecoleweb/glossary/alexandervi.html
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| | Britannia Biographies: St. Osmund, Bishop of Salisbury |
 | | Bishop Osmund died in 1099 and was buried in the Cathedral at Old Sarum. |  | | This was finally announced by Pope Callixtus III (the first of the Borgias) in 1456, but not until very considerable sums "for the expedition of the bull" had found their way into the Roman exchequer. |  | | His tomb and remains were removed to the new cathedral after its completion and, toward the end of the fourteenth century, the reputation of Bishop Osmund's miracles became so widely spread that after due consultation the Chapter of Salisbury determined to make an application to the Pope for his canonization. |
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http://www.britannia.com/bios/bishops/oseez.html
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| | Category:Popes - Wikimedia Commons |
 | | For a list of popes in Latin see la:Index paparum. |  | | Reaction to death of Pope John Paul II |  | | This page was last modified 12:43, 24 October 2005. |
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http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Popes
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| | CalendarHome.com - 1378 - Calendar Encyclopedia |
 | | December 31 - Pope Callixtus III (died 1458) |  | | September 20 - Unhappy with Pope Urban's behavior, a group of cardinals meet at Fondi and elect Clement VII antipope. |  | | April 9 - Pope Urban VI (Bartolomeo Prignano, archbishop of Bari) elected. |
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http://encyclopedia.calendarhome.com/1378.htm
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| | End of Europe's Middle Ages - Janos Hunyadi |
 | | After Sigismund's death, he worked to have the Polish king Wladyslaw III elected as king of Hungary. |  | | When Wladyslaw III was killed at the disastrous battle at Varna in 1444, Hunyadi was elected governor of Hungary and guardian of the infant-king Ladislav V in 1446. |  | | Hunyadi was forced to continue the fight alone. |
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http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/endmiddle/bluedot/hunyadi.html
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| | iqexpand.com |
 | | Mission statement, Mass schedule, map, directions to both churches, parish history, staff directory, organizations. |  | | Their secular outlook often became a corrupt outlook, and this is best exemplified in the life of Alexander Borgia or Pope Alexander VI. |  | | This page was last modified 10:35, 17 Sep 2004. |
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http://borgia.iqexpand.com
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| | Patron Saints Index: Pope Innocent II |
 | | Part of the court of anti-pope Clement III. |  | | Patron Saints Index: Pope Innocent II Pope Innocent II Also known as |  | | Accompanied Pope Gelasius II when he was driven into France. |
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http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/pope0164.htm
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| | 1456 - Psychology Central |
 | | August 20 - Vladislav II, reigning Prince of Wallachia is killed in battle by Vlad III Dracula who succeeds him. |  | | The noon bell ordered by Pope Callixtus III commemorates the victory throughout the Christian world. |  | | June 11 - Anne Neville, queen of Richard III of England (died 1485) |
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http://psychcentral.com/psypsych/1456
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| | Diebold Schilling ~1456 |
 | | The comet was blamed for the birth of two-headed animals, people with Down’s Syndrome, earthquakes, illness, and red rain, all of which are portrayed in his picture. |  | | Pope Callixtus III excommunicated the comet as an instrument of the devil. |
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http://sio.midco.net/danstopicalstamps/schilling.htm
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