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| | Philosophy - Free Encyclopedia |
 | | The characteristic method of this study is the development of formal logic to symbolize and evaluate arguments; the characteristic topic is propositional logic, the logic of simple indicative statements. | | | Today, philosophical questions are usually explicitly distinguished from the questions of the special sciences, and characterized by the fact that (unlike those of the sciences) they are the sort of questions which are foundational and abstract in nature, and which are not amenable to being answered by experimental means. | | | However, in some ways philosophy is close to science in its character and method; some Analytic philosophers have suggested that the method of philosophical analysis allows philosophers to emulate the methods of natural science; Quine holds that philosophy just is a branch of natural science, simply the most abstract one. |
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http://strategygames.wacklepedia.com/p/ph/philosophy_1.html
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| | HISTORY, INDIA, Philosophical development, Upanishads, Scientific Realism, Logic, Epistemology, Buddhism, Jainism |
| | This was a philosophical advance in that it attempted to come to terms with at least the most obvious challenges to the notion of god as a human-like creator and did not require the complete rejection of logic. | | | The common theist solution to this philosophical dilemma was to simply reject logic and demand unquestioning faith on the part of the believer. | | | Another philosophical advance of the Upanishadic period was that religion was transformed from the realm of bookish parroting of scriptures to the realm of advanced intellectual debate and polemics. |
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http://members.tripod.com/~India_resource/upanishad.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Indian philosophy, which includes both orthodox (astika) systems, namely, the Nyaya, Vaishesika, Samkhya, Yoga, Purva mimamsa, and Vedanta schools of philosophy, and unorthodox (nastika) systems, such as Buddhism and Jainism, has been concerned with various philosophical problems. | | | In most Indian philosophical systems, the acceptance of the ideal of moksa, like allegiance to the authority of the scriptures, was only remotely connected with the systematic doctrines that were being propounded. | | | Indian logic offers an instructive example of a logic of cognitions (jnanani) rather than of abstract propositions--a logic not sundered and kept isolated from psychology and epistemology, because it is meant to be the logic of man's actual striving to know what is true of the world. |
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http://web.tiscali.it/gopala/indian_philosophy/1.html
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| | Western philosophy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Today, philosophical questions are usually explicitly distinguished from the questions of the special sciences, and characterized by the fact that (unlike those of the sciences) they are the sort of questions which are foundational and abstract in nature, and which are not amenable to being answered by experimental means. | | | Philosophy of mind: the philosophical study of the nature of the mind, and its relation to the body and the rest of the world. | | | Philosophers have always devoted some study to science and the scientific method, and to logic, and this involves, indirectly, studying the subject matters of those sciences. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_philosophy
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| | UMass Course Catalog: Philosophy Courses |
| | Topics in philosophical logic, selected from alethic modal logic, tense logic, deontic logic, epistemic logic, propositional attitudes, supervaluations, plurals, questions, type theory, and higher-order logic. | | | Critical survey of some of the traditional philosophical problems of Western religion, e.g., the existence of God, reason and faith, and the problem of evil. | | | Subjects may include: subjunctive conditionals, presupposition and truth-value gaps, tense logic, counter-part theory, Hintikka style logics of knowledge and belief, contingent identity systems, actualist interpretations of modal logic. |
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http://www.umass.edu/ug_catalog/archive_2000/philosophycourses.html
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| | Indian Logic and Ontology. A survey of Contemporary Readings |
| | Lack of space prevents discussion of the role of logic in the sciences and of the philosophical schools of the Vedanta, which dealt with logical topics, especially in the later developments within Advaita and Dvaita. | | | For the study of Buddhist logic translations into Tibetan or Chinese from Sanskrit originals, many of which are lost, must also be utilized. | | | In a wider sense it denotes Buddhist and Jaina logic as well. |
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http://www.formalontology.it/indian-philosophy.htm
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| | Kids.net.au - Encyclopedia Philosophy - |
| | Philosophy of biology[?]: the philosophical study of some basic concepts of biology, including the notion of a species and whether biological concepts are reducible to nonbiological concepts. | | | Philosophers have always devoted some study to science and the scientific method, and to logic, and this involves, indirectly, studying the subject matters of those sciences. | | | The Empiricist tradition in modern philosophy often held that religious questions are beyond the scope of human knowledge, and many have claimed that religious language is literally meaningless: there are not even questions to be answered. |
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http://www.kids.net.au/encyclopedia-wiki/ph/Philosophy
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| | Logic |
| | Logic comes up often in philosophical discourse and even more frequently in informal discussions, typically involving a claim that logic says x. | | | The value of logic in philosophy (or philosophical logic, to be more accurate) is thus quite plain: we can use it to take arguments apart and study their structure in more detail than a cursory glance would otherwise allow. | | | We rarely have to travel far in philosophical territory to hear talk of the laws of logic, often accompanied by a suggestion that rejecting them is tantamount to insanity. |
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http://www.galilean-library.org/int4.html
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| | Philosophical |
| | Philosophical logic Philosophical logic is the study of the more specifically philosophical aspects of logic: the term c... | | | Philosophical theism Philosophical theism is a belief that God exists (or must exist), independent of the teaching or re... | | | Philosophical movement A philosophical movement is either the appearance or increased popularity of a specific school of... |
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http://www.brainyencyclopedia.com/topics/philosophical.html
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| | peddle5.htm |
| | Adequately to conceive the accomplishments of the philosophical and post-philosophical traditions, then, requires clarification of their relation and central to this clarification is the rediscovery of traditional philosophical texts in light of their own logic. | | | The doctrine as he now espouses it is itself political and, on his view, its distinguishing virtue is that because it is not value-comprehensive it is beyond the conflicts which exist among religious, philosophical and moral views. | | | On Hegel's view, therefore, because the realm of civil society is not a realm of merely natural need, it is not ultimately opposed to ethical life. |
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http://www.mun.ca/animus/2000vol5/peddle5.htm
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| | Powell's Books - Scripture, Logic, Language: Essays on Dharmakirti and His Tibetan Successors (Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism) by Tom J F Tillemans |
| | In this volume from Wisdom's acclaimed Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism series, one of the world's leading scholars of Buddhist philosophy sheds light on the interrelated topics of scripture, logic and language in the works of Dharmakirti and his philosophical heirs, both Indian and Tibetan. | | | Scripture, Logic, Language: Essays on Dharmakirti and His Tibetan Successors (Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism) | | | While Dharmakirti is widely recognized for his crucial innovations in Indian logic and semantic theory, his notoriously difficult thought nonetheless remains poorly understood. |
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http://www.powells.com/biblio?isbn=0861711564
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| | Phil-method-web.htm |
| | If the philosophical counselor structures his or her practice merely as a consultant giving advice, guidance, and/or instruction in philosophical thinking and reasoning, then we may say this is no more than providing a philosophical tutorial or a logic lesson, thus it is educational. | | | Many philosophical counselors draw the line between a psychological analysis of clients' lives (e.g., examining the precipitating events, antecedents, cue-responsiveness, causes, and mental conflicts that affect adjustment and behavior) and a conceptual analysis of clients' worldviews, belief systems, propositional attitudes, and rational justifications underlying the philosophical assumptions about their sense of self and the world. | | | Philosophers are drawn to certain philosophies over others, not only because of intense study and philosophical rumination over the rational superiority of each approach, but because certain philosophies coalesce with their personal ways of being. |
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http://www.processpsychology.com/Phil-method-web.htm
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| | Philosophical Themes from CSL: |
| | Now, whatever account the naturalist gives of the laws of logic, it cannot turn out to be (on naturalistic assumptions) a complete mystery as to how we come to awareness of those laws. | | | The philosophically sophisticated may be able to skip this section, in which naturalism is roughly defined as the doctrine according to which there exists nothing intentional or not belonging to space and time (other than perhaps space and time themselves) which is neither reducible to, nor supervenient upon, non-intentional, spatio-temporal realities. | | | He claimed that it amounted to the naturalist arguing for the reliability of his cognitive faculties, and that if those faculties really are in doubt such an argument should not persuade us. |
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http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/cslphilos/CSLnat.htm
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| | Sorites-Meaning Realism |
| | The problem is "Are they really pure explicit definition?" "Are, for instance, the usual explicit definitions of logic pure explicit definition?" I think that these questions lack any definite answer. | | | That was, for instance, the main point of Acero (1993) in his commentaries to Boghossian (1993)'s arguments against the compatibility of meaning realism with the Quinean rejection of the A/S distinction. | | | There is a difference between a meaning realism without determination and a meaning nihilism that denies the existence of meaning properties. |
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http://sowi.iwp.uni-linz.ac.at/Sorites/Meaning.html
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| | Why do we say that Hegel is an idealist |
| | Philosophical idealism and philosophical materialism are opposite camps in relation to the fundamental question in philosophy the relation of being and thinking. | | | When Hegel turns his attention to the description of actual history and nature, his idealism proves to be a real handicap, but in the Logic, despite, or rather because of the ideal nature of the subject matter, idealism has virtually no impact on the enormous value of his insights. | | | Materialism is the correct standpoint and most people will have no hesitation in affirming the materialist position. |
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http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hegel/help/mean08.htm
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| | Indian Logic and Ontology. Bibliography: Introductory Works |
| | Indian philosophers and linguists were much concerned with philosophical issues to do with language, especially with theories of meaning, while the Indian logicians developed both a formalised canonical inference schema and a theory of fallacies. | | | The selections in this volume discuss Indian treatments of epistemological topics like the means of knowledge, realism and anti-realism, truth, knowledge of knowledge, illusion and perceptual error, knowability, testimony, scepticism and doubt." | | | The logic of the standard Indian inferential model is deductive, but the premises are arrived at inductively. |
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http://www.formalontology.it/indian-philosophy-2.htm
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| | Indian |
| | A major focus of the course will be the long-standing philosophical debate between certain brahmanical schools (which endorsed a form of direct realism) and certain Buddhist schools (which favored a form of phenomenalism). | | | Students will become acquainted with the major Indian philosophical traditions through lectures, class debate, group work and reading original texts (in translation). | | | Session 34 (11/10) Further rival ontologies: The Samkhya and Yoga Schools. |
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http://spot.colorado.edu/~harrisov/indian.html
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| | PH209 Philosophical Logic and Metaphysics |
| | You are here - Welcome to LSE > Calendar > Course guides > PH209 Philosophical Logic and Metaphysics | | | (a) Philosophical Logic: reference, names and descriptions, validity, truth, logical truth, conditionals, necessity and modality, existence and quantification, vagueness and non-classical logics; (b) Metaphysics: universals and particulars, materialism and dualism, free-will and determinism, personal identity, substance, events, causation, time, realism and idealism. | | | Some of the main contemporary philosophical problems in philosophical logic and metaphysics. |
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http://www.lse.ac.uk/resources/calendar2004-2005/courseGuides/PH/2004_PH209.htm
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| | Logicism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article |
| | ((philosophy) the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic) Logicism is one of the schools of thought in the (Click link for more info and facts about philosophy of mathematics) philosophy of mathematics. | | | The attempted resurrection of this theory is styled neo-logicism. | | | a computer language) natural language and (The philosophical study of being and knowing) metaphysics from philosophical argumentation. |
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http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/l/lo/logicism.htm
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| | BUBL LINK: Philosophical logic |
| | Study of symbolic logic and propositional calculus looking at proving the existence of God. | | | Outlines the philosophical development of ontology - the study of objects and their ties - from the 19th century to the present day. | | | Alphabetical list of terms relating to basic set theory, basic recursive function theory, truth-functional propositional logic and first-order predicate logic. |
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http://bubl.ac.uk/link/p/philosophicallogic.htm
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| | NIAS:June 12, 19, 3-lectures on Indian Logic and Epistemology(fwd) |
| | These lectures will be at an introductory level and will highlight the important ideas and concepts in the different logical schools such as the Buddhist, Nyaya and Jaina along with a discussion of the philosophical issues that arise in them. | | | As is well known, Indian logical traditions have rich thematic and philosophical content. | | | will be offered at NIAS on Indian logic and epistemology. |
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http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/mails/1086591183.html
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| | Philosophy - Wikipedia |
| | Philosophy of perception: the philosophical study of topics related to perception, especially the question what the "immediate objects" of perception are. | | | Logic: the study of the standards of correct argumentation. | | | In medieval philosophy, topics in metaphysics and philosophy of religion held sway, and the most important names included Duns Scotus, Peter Abelard and Aquinas. |
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http://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy
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| | List of Invited Speakers |
| | A.2 Philosophical logic (non-classical logics, logic and language, foundations of logic). | | | Chukova, "New Philosophical Aspect of Thermodynamic Irreversibility of Bioprocesses". | | | Philosophical questions raised by the history and sociology of science |
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http://www.uniovi.es/Congresos/2003/DLMPS/Contributed/Accepted.htm
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| | Mathematical Logic Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography |
| | Earlier appellations were symbolic logic (as opposed to philosophical logic); and metamathematics, which is now restricted as a term to some aspects of proof theory. | | | Attempts to treat the operations of formal logic in a symbolic or algebraic way were made by some of the more philosophical mathematicians, such as Leibniz and Lambert; but their labors remained little known and isolated. | | | Mathematical logic was the name given by Giuseppe Peano to what is also known as symbolic logic. |
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http://www.ourlocalcolor.com/encyclopedia/Mathematical_logic
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| | 2004-2005 UNC Undergraduate Bulletin |
| | An examination of competing philosophical views on the nature of social science and its relation to natural science, with emphasis on the concepts of law and explanation of historical, sociological, and psychological contexts. | | | Philosophical problems concerning logic and the foundation of mathematics. | | | Possible topics include Advaita Vedanta, Nyaya-Vaisheshika, Madhyamaka Buddhism, Neo-Confucianism, Mohism, and philosophical Taoism. |
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http://www.unc.edu/ugradbulletin/depts/phil.html
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| | Curriculum Vitae |
| | Lower Division: Introduction to Philosophy; Philosophical Problems in the Law; Contemporary Moral Problems; Practical Reasoning; Introduction to Logic; Faith and Philosophy; Environmental Ethics; Introduction to Social and Political Philosophy; Philosophy of Sex and Love; Introduction to Theoretical Ethics; Introduction to Philosophy of Religion; Morality and Justice; History of Ethics (Spring 2005) | | | Lower Division: Introduction to Philosophy; Philosophical Problems in the Law; Practical Reasoning; Introduction to Logic; Contemporary Moral Problems; Philosophy of Sex and Love; Environmental Ethics; Business Ethics; Introduction to Theoretical Ethics; Introduction to Social and Political Philosophy; Introduction to Philosophy of Religion; Introduction to Feminist Philosophy; Introduction to Information Ethics; Introduction to Philosophy of Religion | | | "The Epistemic Sense of the Pedigree Thesis," Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, vol. |
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http://faculty.washington.edu/himma/vitae.htm
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Hegel's Science of Logic |
| | The Encyclopaedia Logic: Part 1 of the Encyclopaedia of Philosophical Sciences With the Zusatze (With the Zusatze) by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | | | Others have rightly said that God is the Goal of all History, but Hegel fleshes out the details with scientific precision and invites scientific criticism of his new logical operator. | | | In this book Hegel incorporates the Categories of Kant in a new, metaphysical paradigm and demonstrates to those who struggle to follow his New Logic that God is Real, the Real is Spirit, Spirit is Mind, Mind is Reason and Reason is the Goal of all History. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1573922803?v=glance
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| | Theistic Philosophers |
| | They work in such diverse areas as metaphysics, epistemology, logic, action theory, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of language, philosophy of logic, philosophy of science, philosophy of religion, philosophical theology, existentialism, phenomenology, political philosophy, and the history of philosophy. | | | The following is a list of individuals who classify themselves as both philosophers and theists. | | | If you classify yourself as both a philosopher and a theist, and would like to be on this list, drop us a note. |
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http://theism.actualism.com/theistic.php3
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| | History & Philosophy of Logic (JournalSeek) |
| | The journal also deals with general philosophical questions in logic - existential and ontological aspects, the relationship between classical and non-classical logics - including their historical development. | | | Published quarterly, History and Philosophy of Logic is devoted to the study of the historical development of logic and its broader philosophical concerns. | | | History and Philosophy of Logic also contains special features on manuscript collections and projects in progress, translations of important or neglected historical texts, and a substantial book review section including essay reviews. |
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http://journalseek.net/cgi-bin/journalseek/journalsearch.cgi?field=issn&query=0144-5340
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