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Topic: Peter Brown (historian)


  
 The Da Vinci Code - Book Review
Brown says that the intention of Constantine’s Bible order was to make Jesus into a God: “Constantine commissioned and financed a new Bible, which omitted those gospels that spoke of Christ’s human traits and embellished those gospels that made Him godlike” (p.
He is credited for example with building old St. Peter’s, the Lateran Basilica, and at least five other churches at Rome, the great Golden Octagon at Antioch, and the Church of the Holy Sepulcher at Jerusalem.
In this Leonardo is following the cue of John 13:24: “Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him, and said to him: Who is it of whom he [Jesus] speaketh?” In the Gospel story, John then asks the question of Jesus and is told: “He it is to whom I shall reach bread dipped.
http://www.irr.org/da-vinci-code.html   (6961 words)

  
 Amazon.ca: Books: The Rise of Western Christendom
Brown calls the local variations of a broader Christianity "micro-Christendoms." In his characterization of the British Isles, he writes "The religious leaders of every region claimed to possess at home a set of customs and doctrines which were ultimately derived from 'true' centers of Christian learning and practice in a wider world" (359).
Brown focuses on the unique forms of Christainity that arose throughout the world, from the Celtic and Northumbrian Christianity centered on the Irish monestary of Iona, to the Nestorian Christianity in the dying Persian Empire.
A religion that started out in the middle east had, by the end of the work, come to be dominant more in northern Europe than in the middle east itself.
http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/0631221387   (1231 words)

  
 Christian Century: Inventing the poor: how the early church practiced charity. - Poverty and Leadership in the Later ...
Brown observes that the main body of the church was made up of "middling persons" who were not wealthy but who made modest but steady contributions to the church's support of the poor.
The sustained effort to care for the poor that came to characterize the church is derived, Brown suggests, from "an ancient Near Eastern model of justice" mediated through the church's liturgical use of the Old Testament.
Brown does not oversimplify or sentimentalize the bishops' achievement.
http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1058/is_12_120/ai_103996826   (1349 words)

  
 Historically Speaking - April 2002
Historians confronting 19th-century religion sometimes assume that theology was only interesting to the elite, but there is plenty of evidence that the people in the pews were as interested in doctrine as those in the pulpit.
Brown attached far more importance than earlier historians to living holy men (not dead saints), whom he saw as combining the roles of politician, psychiatrist, and guru.
Historians have the "surest truth available to us in this world" because in the long run of time people are getting glimmers of truth and the development of those glimmers into dominant traditions offers evidence pointed toward that truth.
http://www.bu.edu/historic/hs/april02.html   (14972 words)

  
 Review The Rise of Western Christendom by Peter Brown
Where once we were lucky to have lawyers, bureaucrats and monks, we are now most fortunate to have Peter Brown, who comes to us flashlight in hand.
Rather, he was participating in and, to his mind, updating a rich tradition of Church writings, a tradition that finds its due in Brown's story.
But more to the point than even the content of those books was their form.
http://januarymagazine.com/nonfiction/riseofwestern.html   (1297 words)

  
 Presidential Lectures: Peter Brown
The basic structures and dogmatic formulations of the Christian church, both in Latin Catholicism and in the many forms of eastern Christianity, came from this time, as did the first, triumphant expression of the Muslim faith.
Travel adds to his understanding of their context, at Lérins, opposite Antibes, for example, the training ground of ascetic Gallic bishops in the fifth and sixth centuries, which he understands as an "outpost of the wilderness of Egypt placed within sight of the sun-beaten slopes of the Alpes Maritimes...
" Brown then introduces us to Ambrose of Milan, an early church episcopal impresario who appropriated the cult of saints to serve the local church, its communal liturgy, and the community as a whole, including women and the poor.
http://prelectur.stanford.edu/lecturers/brown   (2253 words)

  
 Brown, A Life of Learning (ACLS Occasional Paper No. 55)
To modern persons, whatever their religious beliefs, the Early Christian themes of sexual renunciation, of continence, celibacy, and the virgin life have come to carry with them icy overtones.
Twenty years ago, Professor Brown delivered the ACLS Lectures in the History of Religions, lectures that became The Body and Society: Men, Women and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity.
Without turning to me, he asked abruptly: "Well, Brown, have you got a bishop?
http://www.acls.org/op55.htm   (2474 words)

  
 Augustine the Bishop in the Light of New Documents by Peter Brown
No historian had come to tell the old Augustine that the Dark Ages were about to begin.
They were not sermons and letters devoted only to the timeless verities of Catholic theology, to which medieval scribes at any time and any place could relate.
For we are shown an aspect of the life of the old Augustine of which we had little idea before the discovery of the Divjak Letters.
http://www.ctinquiry.org/publications/brown.htm   (6141 words)

  
 The Utopian Urge by Ryan McMaken
Some historians have even referred to the early Christian communities as a "State within a State" for providing a competing source of protection and community outside of the Pagan civic religion of ancient Rome.
Committed to the fragile world they had created, they were forced to idealize it; they had to deny its evil in the past, and the certainty of death in its future.
In fact, like the modern United States, Rome had a vibrant civic religion that connected "patriotism" to a kind of religious piety and demanded participation in Roman feast days and other celebrations dedicated to honoring the various deities that had allegedly made Rome so prosperous.
http://www.lewrockwell.com/mcmaken/mcmaken81.html   (3752 words)

  
 Boston Globe / Spotlight / Abuse in the Catholic Church
That began to change in the fourth century, when, as the great British historian Peter Brown has shown, ascetics of the desert became so famed for their heroic abstinence that people began to consult them and to look down on priests as insufficiently holy to be given the kind of reverence that hermits had earned.
They agree with a priest who is quoted in the book as saying: "Some of my former Jesuit friends would mention the large number of gay Jesuits and the impact that had on community life as being a big reason they left.
For centuries, priests and bishops (including famous and holy ones) could and did marry.
http://www.boston.com/globe/spotlight/abuse/print/032402_magazine.htm   (4018 words)

  
 Latimer Fellowship - Comment - The Next Christianity
Historians continue to debate the causes and consequences of the Reformation, and of the forces that it unleashed.
The original Reformation was far more than the rising up of irate lay people against corrupt and exploitative priests, and it was much more than a mere theological row.
Among other things, the Reformation broke the fetters that constrained certain aspects of intellectual life during the Middle Ages.
http://www.latimer.godzone.net.nz/morecomment.asp?CoID=20   (6694 words)

  
 Cover story: Ancient forces shaped our lives
Historians insist it wasn’t really that bad, though this would be cold comfort to the many who truly were thrown to the lions.
Pilgrimage, now frequently seen as entertainment, was crucial to Christianity in the fourth century.
His mother Helena begins her pilgrimage to the Holy Land.
http://www.natcath.com/NCR_Online/archives/051900/051900a.htm   (5209 words)

  
 Stephen Prothero Speaker Profile at The Lavin Agency
Indeed, as Boston University historian Stephen Prothero demonstrates in his sparkling and engrossing book, American Jesus: How the Son of God Became a National Icon, Jesus is the one religious figure nearly every American, whether Christian or not, past and present, has embraced.
A historian of American religion, Professor Prothero specializes in Asian religious traditions in the United States.
Stephen has appeared on NBC's Today Show and is a frequent guest on NPR shows, including All Things Considered.His first book, The White Buddhist: the Asian Odyssey of Henry Steel Olcott (1996), was awarded the Best First Book in the History of Religions for 1996 by the American Academy of Religion.
http://www.thelavinagency.com/college/stephenprothero.html   (310 words)

  
 Amazon.com: Angels & Demons: Books
While the reader might wish for a little more sardonic humor from Langdon, and a little less bombastic philosophizing on the eternal conflict between religion and science, these are less fatal flaws than niggling annoyances--readers should have no trouble skimming past them and immersing themselves in a heck of a good read.
Langdon and Vittoria, Vetra's daughter and colleague, embark on a frantic hunt through the streets, churches, and catacombs of Rome, following a 400-year-old trail to the lair of the Illuminati, to prevent the incineration of civilization.
There is plenty of information in this book it will definitely satisfy your need for knowledge in both science and religion.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0671027360?v=glance   (2235 words)

  
 UW Press - : Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: Towards a Christian Empire, Peter Brown
One by one, these studies have illuminated the world of late antiquity (the term he has made his own) by reference to what has preceded it.
And what difference to the style of that control did church leaders make as the empire became converted to Christianity?
His telling is enriched by delectable details and acute, original observations."—Henry Chadwick, New York Times Book Review
http://www.wisc.edu/wisconsinpress/books/0038.htm   (395 words)

  
 Jigsaw Jesus
Healing oil that had been blessed was brought home by the faithful to be used in their homes.
Then he poured some water into a washbasin and began to wash the disciples’ feet and dry them with the towel around his waist.
He came to Simon Peter who said to him, "Are you going to wash my feet, Lord?" Jesus answered him, "
http://www.seekerschurch.org/sermons/19990829.htm   (2393 words)

  
 Amazon.com: Augustine of Hippo: A Biography, Revised Edition with a New Epilogue: Books: Peter Robert Lamont ...
But, all in all, Brown has written and updated a great biography that deserves its stature as the definitive biography of Augustine.
If you want to understand the theology and history of the Western/Latin Church, it is very hard to do so without knowing at least some basics of Augustine's theological distinctives and stances.
Here's a single paragraph to demonstrate: "The congregations who heard Augustine preach were not exceptionally sinful.
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0520227573?v=glance   (1789 words)

  
 HIST 100 Section 047
Brown claims that the Christian church grew in the second and third centuries AD (CE) largely because it offered a "radical sense of community" (page 49) at a time when the towns and cities of the Roman Empire had become impersonal places, places where many people no longer knew their role in society.
What are some questions that historians ask in order to try to understand the past?
Specific sections and pages to focus on: It is important to read all of Chapter 28.
http://www.gmu.edu/courses/phil/ancient/hwf2.htm   (11216 words)

  
 UPNE Poverty and Leadership in the Later Roman Empire
Brown gracefully illuminates a crucial transition from classical to Christian culture: the emergence of a new understanding of what society -- and the Church -- owes to the poor that continues to resonate.
He is author of Augustine of Hippo: A Biography (1967, 2000), The Rise of Western Christendom (1996), Authority and the Sacred (1995), and The Body and Society: Men, Women, and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity (1988).
In three magisterial essays, Peter Brown, one of the world's foremost scholars of the society and culture of late antiquity, explores the emergence in late Roman society of "the poor" as a distinct social class, one for which the Christian church claimed a special responsibility.
http://www.upne.com/1-58465-145-8.html   (483 words)

  
 Augustine as Historian by Joshua Grace
People with this view were not leaderless; they were directed by an elite intelligentsia who had clung to the old religion of Rome.
For it may be that, even if the gods had not only remained with them, but also regarded them with favor, they might still be, not, as now, merely complaining of their miserable lot, but, like Regulus and the Saguntines in the past, perishing in dreadful torment.”[37]
Wherefore, fired with a zeal for God’s house, I determined to write my book,
http://www.ptloma.edu/HistPolSci/students/Josh_Grace.htm   (1436 words)

  
 Book Abbreviations
[GAG] The Gospel and the Gospels, Peter Stuhlmacher, ed.
[HI:BGBH] The Birth of God: The Bible and the Historian.
[HSNT] Hard Sayings in the New Testament by Peter H. Davids, IVP:1991.
http://www.christian-thinktank.com/bookabs.html   (10846 words)

  
 Balancing the Cosmos
Inside the church — a mass of candles.
Manifestations of the numinous — sacred holes, sacred caves, images or bundles — all can open onto the spiritual realm.
As Peter Brown, the historian of the Late Antique wrote of Byzantium, "The icon was a hole in the dyke separating the visible world from the divine…Icons were active." For the Maya, their world is filled with such openings — portals which can take many different forms.
http://www.mesoweb.com/features/balancing/33.html   (120 words)

  
 One of the most frequent criticisms of those
Since the Bible doesn’t specifically say that the Spiritual gifts are available for the Church today, some leaders in the LCMS insist on the following logic: When one thinks he may have experienced/witnessed a gift he must be willing to say that such judgment was only his human opinion and he could be wrong.
Furthermore, he is important because during his ministry as bishop of Hippo in North Africa, Christianity had become the established religion of the Roman Empire and our entire present day New Testament canon had been acknowledged, at least in the Western Church.
According to a noted historian, Augustine is probably the single most influential Christian theologian of all time after the New Testament writers.
http://home.comcast.net/~gracelife/rim/giftswit.htm   (1399 words)

  
 On the Justinian Code
I think I understand your intent, but as a "historian", you failed to relay to your visitors that both religious and secular states in 16th century had a very underdeveloped division of church and state.
There was to be little place, in the new Roman order, for heresy, schism, or Judaism, and no place at all for "the error of stupid paganism."
In 436, the lawyers of Theodosius II (408-450), the grandson of Theodosius I, met in Constantinople to bring together the edicts of his Christian predecessors in a single book.
http://www.edwardtbabinski.us/history/justinian_code.html   (3315 words)

  
 The Scandal of the Evangelical Mind
Some readers will feel that he errs by being too charitable toward the secular academic world.
However we answer these questions, the largest one remains: Do resources for renewal lie within the evangelical tradition?
To note its appearance and assess its argument we asked four knowledgeable observers of the evangelical world for their views on the subject and the book.
http://www.firstthings.com/ftissues/ft9503/articles/scandal.html   (4903 words)

  
 Middle Ages - Web Links
Age of King Charles V: 1338-1380 - 1,000 Illuminations from the Department of Manuscripts; Bibliothèque Nationale de France
"Popular Religion in Charlemagne’s World" - historian, Pierre Rich
650: an icon on wood of St. Peter
http://www.historyteacher.net/EuroCiv/Weblinks/Weblinks-3-MedievalWorld.htm   (518 words)

  
 Princeton - in the News - April 12, 2000
Honoring particular people as saints, religious or secular, seems to fulfill a deeper need among the living than simply memorializing the dead.
How can we explain the staying power of holy days in a secular era when organized religion has ceased to hold the prominence and power it once held over our collective life?
He had taught in several schools, including Brown University and Boston College, and had been a visiting fellow at Princeton University in the department of religion.
http://www.princeton.edu/pr/news/00/c/0412.htm   (11396 words)

  
 Covenant Network of Presbyterians
But Pullman reserves his most intense critique for the way Susan Pevensie, one of the four children who find Narnia in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and reign there for years as kings and queens before returning to their childhood in England during World War II, is left out of the eschatological ending.
As the great historian, Peter Brown,12 teaches us, when some early Christians, men and women alike, decided to live outside of the institutions of marriage and family, they declared that their bodies belonged to God, instead of to the Roman Empire, for whom the body and its desires were tools for empire building.
But there have also been times when Christians have refused sexual relationships in order to preserve their freedom.
http://www.covenantnetwork.org/sermon&papers/Paulsell-04.html   (5982 words)

  
 List of historians : Historian
KNOW that my letter, wherein read to the Emperor your Epistles, nature of the things (contained men.html">men's minds from their former always been surprised, and have arguments heretofore.
Everon, (born 1971), historian and novelist: Justice Better Attained
The names are arranged by order of the period in which they were writing, which isn't necessarily the same as the period in which they specialised.
http://www.city-search.org/hi/historian.html   (614 words)

  
 [No title]
The saint bridged in a personal and immediate fashion, as the high theology and doctrine of the Church could not for the peasant or villager, life and death, time and eternity, the here and the hereafter.
The church historian Peter Brown has argued in his remarkable study The Cult of the Saints, that for Christians of antiquity and the middle ages "the holy man" served "as Christ made accessible." In him was available "in distilled" form the very character of Christ.
But one is bound to question whether this discussion about sainthood gets any of us closer to a knowledge of the saint.
http://www.sain.org/WINDOW/Saintho.txt   (2530 words)

  
 [No title]
He recognized that the quotidian chores of the bishop in his North African context emerge much more clearly now and serve to mitigate the authoritarian character of Augustine in his contacts with a sometimes unruly flock, with Donatists and with pagans.
The new letters and sermons gave an unexpected impetus to the kind of revisionism that inevitably spreads in the wake of a book so fundamental as Brown's.
Brown added an epilogue in two substantial parts to take detailed account of the new discoveries and to ponder their implications for the narrative he had written more than 30 years before.
http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/jod/texts/nytimesreview.html   (1081 words)

  
 PETER BROWN: A New Augustine
The Christians were convinced that they were merely 'mopping-up', on earth, a battle that had already been won for them in Heaven.
Hence, however many sound social and cultural reasons the historian may find for the expansion of the Christian Church, thc fact remains that in all Christian literature from the New Testament onwards, the Christian missionaries advanced principally by revealing the bankruptcy of men's invisible enemies, the demons, through exorcising and miracles of healing.
Altogether, the 'new mood' encouraged men to feel that they needed to defend their identity by drawing sharp boundaries round it.
http://www.dioceseofnewark.org/StEsRidgewood/mens_group.htm   (2186 words)

  
 [No title]
Historians usually attribute to St. Anthony, St. Pachomius and their followers credit for transforming early Christian asceticism
The historian Peter Brown has suggested that it was in part
http://web.utk.edu/~linge/desert.htm   (8003 words)

  
 O'Donnell, Demise
The Church historian gleans little information from Ammianus; when he does, it is often unsavory.
Peter Brown has astutely pointed out that the continuation of Roman secular traditions was perhaps the most characteristic feature of the Christianization of the Roman aristocracy, and probably the way in which the transformation of society was made palatable.
He believed in living the good life appropriate to his class, in enjoying the benefits of wealth and culture (though his taste in culture is to be faulted -- it is significant that his friends who were poets and historians were men of inferior talent, while Ammianus and Claudian escaped his notice).
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jod/texts/demise.html   (14269 words)

  
 The Academic Exchange
I am committed to the proposition that medical knowledge must be placed in historical and cultural perspective, but I am also persuaded that historical findings can be applied as clues for solving current medical mysteries.
medical historians most often were clinicians with an interest in advances in medical knowledge and clinical practice.
Until the 1970s there were very few academics who considered themselves historians of medicine.
http://www.emory.edu/ACAD_EXCHANGE/2003/octnov/hkushner.html   (1596 words)

  
 Augustine as Historian
Nor is Augustine the first to use this argument, for Tertullian used the same argument amid pagan actions that Christianity would provoke the gods wrath: “Pray, tell me, how many calamities befell the world as a whole, as well as individual cities, before Tiberius reigned, before the coming, that is, of Christ?” (Mommsen, 352).
Augustine may well have written a book ‘On the City of God’ without such an event.
The Ancient Historians (New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1994), 16.
http://www.ptloma.edu/HistPolSci/students/Josh_Grace_pg2.htm   (1266 words)

  
 Palmquist www.WomenInPhotography.org
On Sunday morning, several people were invited to visit Peter's home and Women in Photography International Archive in Arcata.
The place where Peter spent a lot of time
In conversation, Peter often called his Archive...The Hen House !
http://www.womeninphotography.org/historical/PeterPalmquist-2.html   (455 words)

  
 National Geographic magazine: August 1997 @ nationalgeographic.com
All of this may have been intensified by the rise of the Christian church, which attracted the best talent away from the service of Rome.
Whatever that world was, it was not in decline.
If you want to see what a vibrant and very different world the Roman Empire evolved into, read Peter Brown’s eye-opening book The World of Late Antiquity, or visit the exhibit “The Glory of Byzantium” now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/9708/forum/essay.html   (809 words)

  
 Books by, for, about Shakespeare
Shakespeare Survey: Volume 54: Shakespeare And Religions Editor Holland, Peter
Romantic Cult of Shakespeare Literary Reception in Anthropological Perspective; Davidhazi, Peter (Head of the Department of Nineteenth Century Literature, Institute for Literary Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary); Hardb Dissent and Marginality; Essays at the Borders of Literature and Religion;
Social Shakespeare: Aspects Of Renaissance Dramaturgy And Contemporary Society Smith, Peter
http://book.look-4-it.com/Shakespeare   (5875 words)

  
 SERIOUS NON-FICTION
Peter Brown also shows how Christian holy men were less representative of a triumphant faith than negotiators, at ground level, of a working compromise between the new faith and traditional ways of dealing with the supernatural workd.
In this fascinating study, Peter Brown, a leading historian of the late antique world, examines the factors which made the emergence of the Christian 'thought world' possible: how the old gods of the Roman Empire could be reinterpteted as symbols to further the messages of the Church.
His illuminating analysis of religious change as the art of the possible has a wide relevance for other periods and regions." ---from the book cover
http://www.brynmawr.edu/bookshop/routes/newbkr/nonfic.html   (1583 words)

  
 East Greenwich NJ - HISTORY OF COLONIAL or ST PETERS CEMETERY
The stones from the original church were used for the cemetery walls that still surround the old church yard in Mount Royal on King's Highway.
Peter's Church Berkeley were laid out as early at 1765 and "stood on the old burial ground at Berkley."
Burials have continued here at least up until 1950, according to the church records (i.e.
http://www.jwbrown-home.com/EG/colonialcem.htm   (422 words)

  
 brown
Brown is also the surname of several famous people including
It is a darker form of orange and yellow, and exists as a color perception only in the presence of a brighter color contrast.
Brown is also short for Brown University, an American Ivy League university.
http://www.yourencyclopedia.net/Brown.html   (342 words)

  
 Peter Brown - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
There have been several people named Peter Brown.
For the recipient of the Victoria Cross, see Peter Brown
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Brown   (160 words)

  
 French Culture People: Peter Robert Lamont Brown
Peter Brown, au nom du Ministre de la Culture, je vous fais chevalier dans l'Ordre des Arts et lettres."
Among them, La vie de Saint Augustin, your masterful biography of the great Latin doctor of the Church and author of The Confessions.
Your influence, Dr. Brown, has extended to scholars internationally, through the notable works you have written - more than fifty books and articles over a period of some 30 years.
http://www.frenchculture.org/people/honorees/brown.html   (536 words)

  
 KNAW > News > Press releases
Professor Brown has a long list of publications to his credit, many of which have been translated into other languages.
Towards a Christian Empire (1992) is a compelling account of how the Church adopted the pagan ideal of co-operation between urban elite and central imperial government under the guise of Christianity.
Brown has shown an uncanny knack for bringing to light aspects of this process which have been largely ignored.
http://www.knaw.nl/cfdata/news/pressrelease_detail.cfm?nieuws__id=175   (312 words)

  
 Harvard Gazette: Twelve to receive honorary degrees
Historian Peter Brown is recognized as having virtually created the study of late antiquity, that crucial historical period in which paganism yielded to Christianity and the outlines of the early medieval world emerged from the disintegrating Roman Empire.
Born in Dublin in 1935, Brown earned an M.A. from Oxford University in 1956.
Ruth J. Simmons became the 18th president of Brown University (where she is also a professor in the Department of Comparative Literature and the Department of Africana Studies) in July 2001.
http://www.news.harvard.edu/gazette/2002/06.06/01-honorarydegrees.html   (2925 words)

  
 It... Men
As historian Peter Brown has suggested, in the same way religion was a specific product of the need to communicate.
Augustine seems to be justifying his ãclassicalä education and regard for the classics of Latin literature by remarking that culture was the product of society, and a natural extension of the fact of language.
http://www.columbia.edu/ccnmtl/draft/sylvie/dave_presentaion/mmt/augustine/crits/it_men.html   (127 words)

  
 Peter Brown (historian) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This page was last modified 19:52, 2 October 2005.
He has taught at Oxford, the University of London, and UC Berkeley, as well as Princeton University, where he is currently the Philip and Beulah Rollins Professor of History.
He has been instrumental in popularizing the historical period of Late Antiquity and study of the cult of saints.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Brown_(historian)   (193 words)

  
 City Journal Summer 2004 In Defense of Memorization by Michael Knox Beran
Peter Brown observed that Saint Augustine’s education, with its emphasis on memorization, enabled him to “communicate his meaning to an educated Latin at the other end of the Roman world by quoting half a line of classic poetry.” And even today, in the conversation of the educated, a quotation from Shakespeare can speak volumes.
Augustine, Brown wrote, came “to love what he was learning.
Saint Augustine, as a schoolboy in North Africa in the fourth century, studied only a very few Latin classics in school, principally Virgil’s Aeneid, great chunks of which he learned by heart.
http://www.city-journal.org/html/14_3_defense_memorization.html   (2698 words)

  
 Class Notes: 27 August 2003
Peter Brown's work on late antiquity offers a far more nuanced and optimistic view: this was not a world in decline, but rather, an exciting period marked by dramatic transformation of tradition as well as some continuity from the classical world.
This notion of "decline and fall" was especially popularized by the historian Edward Gibbon in his history of the period titled
Gibbon describes Roman history as a gradual ascent, with the peak of the curve in the Antonine Period (c.
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/~otherw/WOLA827.html   (542 words)

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