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Topic: Kanishka's stupa

Ads by Google Kanishka Stupa      Kanishka - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kanishka personally seems to have embraced both Buddhism and the Persian cult of Mithra. A significant amount of what is known about Kanishka was preserved because of his spiritual merit and the Buddhist religious tradition. Gold coin of Kanishka I with a representation of the Buddha (c.120 AD). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanishka      Kanishka @AryanaSite.com However, Kanishka was eclectic in religion, and is also associated with Buddhism as founder of a Buddhist monastery and great stupa at Peshawar (given the dynastic name "Kanishkapura"), capital of Gandhara region. Though it is actually uncertain whether Kanishka himself converted to Buddhism, he was a great patron of the religion, and is credited with convening the fourth great Buddhist council at Jalandhar (or Kashmir) that marked the development of Mahayana Buddhism, which spread rapidly under the Kushan rulers from India right across Central Asia to China. http://www.aryanasite.com/afghanistan/relatedarticles/kanishka.htm      Encyclopedia4U - Xuanzang - Encyclopedia Article Peshawar was nothing compared to its former glory, and Buddhism was declining in the region. Xuanzang left Jalalabad, which had few Buddhist monks, but many stupas and monasteries. During this time, Xuanzang writes about the fourth Buddhist Council that took place nearby, circa 100AD, under the order of King Kanishka of Kushana. http://www.encyclopedia4u.com/x/xuanzang.html      Art Education-Gandhara Kanishka was desirous of living harmoniously with the various peoples and religions within his kingdom and beyond, and the art of Kushan period thus shows Hellenistic, Iranian, Indian (Brahmanical) and Roman influences from time to time. Yet he himself was a big patron of Buddhism and is at times referred to as the second Ashoka for Buddhism. At it's peak, under emperor Kanishka, the Kushans struck coins of gold where the image of Buddha, with several of the 32 marks of Buddha hood, appeared for the first time in North India. http://www.artsindian.com/arteducation/page_6_gandhara_Art.shtml      Project ZAAN: Information Digest - Vol. 1 Kanishka held the third Buddhist Conference in Kashmir. Kanishka’s Council marks the beginning of a new epoch in the history of Buddhism. At Hushkapur, he also built a Buddhist Vihara and a Stupa. http://www.zaan.net/vol2/4.html      Torso of a standing bodhisattva The most important Kushan ruler, Kanishka, was one of Buddhism's greatest patrons, prompting Gandharan iconography to become almost completely Buddhist. They were incorporated into early Buddhist art as symbols of the continuing presence of Shakyamuni Buddha after his "parinirvana" (final transcendence), and as reminders of the path he defined for his followers. http://jbe.la.psu.edu/courses/worldreligions/arts-buddhism.htm      The Architecture of Punjab According to Hsuan Tsang the treat stupa built by Kanishka was 400 feet high, Near the stupa were large in ages of the Buddha. Another early representation of the Buddha is found in a relic casket of Kanishka's time. the Buddha was worshipped through sacred symbols such as a stupa, a bodhi, tree a dharma-chakra, and foot-prints. http://www.punjabilok.com/heritage/architecture_punjab1.htm      The Evolution of the Buddha Image This is the earliest datable image of the Buddha, and its use by Kanishka supports scriptural references to his involvement in Buddhism, his erection of several important monuments, and his assembling the fourth council in Kashmir. Images of Buddha in human form appeared much later than the construction and worship of stupas and other symbols of the Light of Asia. Mathura was a trading and Buddhist pilgrimage centre in Uttar Pradesh from the second century BC to the twelfth century AD. http://members.porchlight.ca/blackdog/light.htm      Stupa - encyclopedia article about Stupa. Free access, no registration needed. What does Stupa mean? What is Stupa? ... Other stupas and other religious Buddhist structures were added over the following centuries until the 12th century AD. Vedic is synonymous with Hinduism, which is another name for the system of religious and spiritual thought that has evolved from the Vedas. The stupa evolved into the pagoda as Buddhism spread to other Asian countries. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Stupa      A Magazine, with a vision Kanishka was a great patron of Buddhism, and the portrayed the figure of the Buddha on his coins. Hence today the city blocks present houses planned in the oriental style and they are interspersed with Buddhist stupas and other shrines. This was visited by the Chinese pilgrims, pa Hien and Hiuen Tsang, and they identify it with the spot where Buddha offered his head. http://www.magazine.com.pk/travel/pakistan.php?ss=&page=taxilahistory      Indian  Inputs to Chinese Art Kanishka was a great patron of Mahayana Buddhism. Kanishka’s reign was an active force for the dissemination of Buddhism in Afghanistan and Central Asia. The Chaitya cave has a stupa in the centre around which Buddhists used to do circumumbulation. http://www.asthabharati.org/Dia_Jan.04/Indian%20inputs-Banerji.htm      Bhuddism These were frequently set up beside important Buddhist stupas. The main stupa was surrounded by small stupas, all with spires like Burmese or Thai pagodas today. It enters a narrow passage between two votive stupas: on the left one sit two headless Buddhas of the fourth to fifth century AD. http://web.ukonline.co.uk/tim.haq/pakistan/buddhism.html      The Rise of Buddhism As Buddha preached his ideas through word of mouth, there were no Buddhist religious scriptures. Great kings like Ashoka (of the Mauryan dynasty) and Kanishka (Kushan dynasty) became Buddhist and they helped spread the sermon of Buddha far and wide through their kingdoms. King Ashoka is said to have built 84,000 stupas and a large number of rock edicts and pillars throughout his empire to preach the message of Buddhism. http://www.indianvisit.com/ivnew/thecountry/history/riseofbuddhism.htm      Books Kanishka is also believed to have installed four statues of Lord Buddha at the base of an enormous peepal (banyan) tree on the bank of the River Bara, which flowed near the confluence of the present day bazaars of cloth merchants and bird sellers in the inner city. It was during the reign of Kanishka, one of the latter day Kushan kings, that the begging bowl of Lord Buddha was interred in a hilltop stupa within the city of Peshawar4. The stupa housed a reliquary casket containing ashes of the Lord Buddha. http://www.peshawar1.com/htmls\amjadhussain\book_01.html      Ancient Monuments of Kashmir: Architectural Styles Parihasapura has also bequeathed to us the only surviving example of a Buddhist chaitya, or temple. Though the religious needs of the Hindus did not necessitate their borrowing stupas and sangharamas from the Buddhists, such considerations did not lie in the way of their taking advantage of the experience the latter had gained in temple-building. The needs of the two communities were the same in two respects: a chamber was required for installation of a divine image (whether of the Buddha and the Bodhisattva or of Vishnu and any other Hindu deity is of little importance), and accommodation was required for worshippers. http://www.koausa.org/Monuments/Chapter3.html      Homeland ::: Its all about real estate, interiors & design! It was during the Kushan period especially under the reign of king Kanishka that a style of Buddhist art known as Gandharan developed in the region. He dated this supposed earlier phase of the Great Stupa to the Mauryan period and attributed it to Asoka, who is known in the Buddhist work Divyavadana as Dharmarajika. Gandhara became renowned as a center for Buddhism under the patronage of Kanishka, and for centuries after his reign it drew both Indian and Chinese pilgrims. http://www.homelandmagazine.com/artmarapr/pakistani.html      Week V: Part 1 ASIAN RELIGIONS AND ART--EARLY INDIAN BUDDHISM The stupa played a crucial role in Buddhist beliefs for it is the very symbol of nirvana, or final redemption, the goal of every Buddhist. The stupa was an actual tomb, placed over the remains of the historical Buddha or other holy persons. A stupa also acts as a symbol to commemorate a sacred place such as sites where important events took place in Buddha's mortal life. http://www.pitt.edu/~asian/week-5/week-5.html      [R-G] Pak-India Peace March ends - report The Buddhist peace prayer of this Sarva-Dharma Prarthana was first adopted by Mahatma Gandhi himself in his daily ashram prayer as a result of his encounter with the late Most Venerable Nichidatsu Fujii (Gandhi called him Fujii-Guruji), when this Founding Master of the Japanese Buddhist Order Nipponzan Myohoji had visited Wardha on 4th October 1933. Same Buddhist peace prayer has led the Pakistan-India Prayer March for Peace 2002 for last more then 2 months since it started from the famous King Atoka s Dharmarajika Stupa of Taxila on 6th of August, anniversary of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. 16 September travel throughout Punjab and Hariana, visiting Ludhiana, ancient Buddhist stupa at Sanghol, and intact Great Ashoka stupa at Sugh. http://lists.econ.utah.edu/pipermail/rad-green/2002-October/004881.html      1Up India > India > Uttar Pradesh > Great Monuments of Uttar Pradesh The title Deoputra refers to Kanishka, a great patron of Buddhism who built the biggest Vihara at Kapilvastu and renovated the main stupa here. The spot at which the stupa stands is believed to be the place from where Buddha gave his forts sermon. A place where the Goddess of power is said to be residing and people worship her viz- Goddess Durga,are known as Shaktipeeths and Vindhyachal is one of such peeths or abode of Shakti. http://www.1upindia.com/states/uttarpradesh/monuments.html      [No title] The stupas were surrounded by large, up to 10 feet high decorative statues of the Buddha in his various meditative poses. Affluent pilgrims who visited the shrine customarily, and to ask for supplication, built smaller stupas as offerings. Each chronicled a stage in Gautama Buddha's life, including those from his pre-Buddha incarnations to his achievement of nirvana and subsequent death. http://dawn.com/report/islamabad/northern9.htm      Kesariya The stupa at Deora confirms this event, since stupas were built only at those places which were of great significance in the life of Lord Buddha. According to Fa-Hien, it was at Deora that Lord Buddha had donated his alms-bowl to the Licchavis, and just before leaving for Kesariya, he had announced at Vaishali, his impending death or Nirvana. According to the other Chinese traveller, Huen-Sang, it was here that the Lord Buddha had announced that in his previous life he had ruled from this place as the Chakravarti Raja Mahadev. http://cctr.umkc.edu/user/endomv/kesariya.htm      Archaeological, Sarnath Apart from these, Buddha descending from Trayastrimsha heaven at Sankisa after preaching his mother, miracal performed at Shravasti, honey offering by a monkey at vaishali and subjugation of mad elephant Nalagiri before Buddha at Rajgir are four events depicted in the same stele. Several structures including Mulgandhakuti, the chief shrine of the Buddha were erected during this period. Certain it is that after the overthrow of Buddhism in India Sarnath was completely deserted and all its buildings, with the exception of one magnificent stupa, became buried in the heaps of their own accumulated debris. http://www.varanasi.nic.in/history/ams1.html      The Architecture of Punjab A chatya of Buddhist shrine was also fount at Sahri-Bahlol. Numerous Buddhist monasteries and stupas were built also in Sind and Baluchistan; A stupa built of Bricks existed at Mirpurkhas. Inside it was found a casket containing sacred relics of Buddha. http://www.punjabilok.com/heritage/architecture_punjab.htm      takhtbahi.html Gandhara was the Buddhist's Second Holy Land, as many places here are associated with the Buddha's previous births and miracles. It was under the great Kushan Emperor, Kanishka, who ruled from his capital, Pataliputra or Porushpura (modern Peshawar), that Mahayana Buddhism flourished in Gandhara (Peshawar valley); eventually spreading to Central Asia and the Far East. One statue is still there, but I am sure it is not an original. http://members.tripod.com/~zeejah/takht.html      Much more material in ch arch xeros along with ch trans of pagoda stupa (Sanskrit) thupa (Pali) sutupo (Mandarin) sotaba (Japanese) This is traditionally believed to be the monastery founded by Bodhidharma, an Indian monk considered the bringer of Chan Buddhism to China. The Indian (Sanskrit) terms for these structures were caitya and stupa, ( cetiya and thupa in Pali). http://www.public.iastate.edu/~tart/arth382/lecture22.html      Tourism @ Pakwatan.com The Healing Buddha, a stone Buddha image with a hole in its navel, is set in the north wall of the main stupa to the left of the steps. The other people you can meet at Taxila are Alexander of Macedonian, Asoka the famous Buddhist king and Kanishka. At five small stupas you will sea beautiful stucco relieves of Buddha and Bodhisattvas supported by rows of stone elephants and lions. http://www.pakwatan.com/main/tourism/city_detail.php3?ID=14      The Journey of Faxian to India Formerly, when Buddha was travelling in this country with his disciples, he said to Ananda, 'After my pari-nirvana, there will be a king named Kanishka [the famous Kushan emperor], who shall on this spot build a stupa. For example, he indicates clearly the importance of the seven precious substances for Buddhist worship, the widespread practice of stupa veneration, and his aquaintance with several of the jataka tales about the previous lives of the Buddha Sakyamuni, tales which are illustrated in the paintings at the Dunhuang caves. Although cryptic to the extent that we cannot always be sure where he was, his account does provide interesting information on the conditions of travel and the Buddhist sites and practices he witnessed. http://depts.washington.edu/uwch/silkroad/texts/faxian.html      Evolution of the Buddha Image The 2nd century B.C. caves have simply a stupa, without any kind of Buddha's anthropomorphic representations, enshrining them, whereas in the subsequent caves carved in the 1st century B.C. such stupa has Buddha's icons in its niches on all four sides. The image proper, that is, a fully evolved image with anthropomorphic dimensions, appears around the 1st century A.D. There is, amongst the Buddha statues, reported from Mathura, a dated one of A.D. Some of the gold and copper coins of Kanishka, who ruled from 78 A.D. onward, have Buddha images on their reverse. Buddha's stucco images are also reported from around the same 1st century A.D. The stucco image of the Buddha, in the collection of Mathura Museum, belongs stylistically to the same iconic group to which the A.D. 81 Buddha image belongs. http://www.exoticindiaart.com/article/lordbuddha      Xuanzang on the Silk Road Like many another Chinese pilgrim who visited India, he was also interested in observing the practice of Buddhism outside China and so he reports on the number of monks and monasteries, the variety of sects, Buddhist festivals and the custom of Buddhist debates. As he approaches the Buddhist Holy Land, he venerates the stupas containing relics of the Buddha. Along with his search for Buddhist texts and sacred knowledge, Xuanzang went to India as a pilgrim. http://www.mongolianculture.com/indomongolian.htm      Crescent over Kashmir: Politics of Mullaism Kashmir figured prominently in the history of Buddhism during Kanishka's time: A historical council of Buddhist divines and theologians was held in a monastery near Srinagar. Ashoka settled 5,000 Buddhist monks in the Valley and gifted it away to the Sangha to be used for pursuing higher studies and spiritual practices. When Kashmir was under the influence of Buddhism, hundreds of 'Bhikshus' went to distant lands to preach the new religion. http://www.ikashmir.org/Crescent/Chapter3.html      About Shaolin© 2003 and on, The Complete Shaolin History Source Under his auspices the Fourth Buddhist Council was held in his capital Purushapura which is now called Peshawar. Debala Mitra, Director General of Archaeological Survey, India, in her monumental masterpiece, titled "Buddhist Monuments" states with the Fourth Buddhist Council emerged a liberal interpretation of the Dhamma was evolved, the image of the Buddha, a manifestation of bhakti, which incidentally met a genuine spiritual craving and devotional impulse of the masses. For several centuries, the Wheel and the Bodhi Tree became symbols of homage and veneration until the Buddha image was sculptured during the reign of Emperor Kanishka (78-101 A.C.E. After the Common Era). http://www.aboutshaolin.com/spectrum_comments.php?id=51_0_7_0_C      Sanchi Travel Guide, Sanchi Stupa, Ancient City of Stupas, Madhya Pradesh, India The place is related to Buddhism but not directly to the life of Buddha. Some of these stupas have been found containing relics of disciples of Buddha. At this stage Buddha was not represented directly but symbols were used to portray him-- The lotus represents his birth, the tree his enlightenment, the wheel, derived from the title of his first sermon, the footprints and throw symbolising his presence. http://www.indiantravelportal.com/madhya-pradesh/sanchi/      Monks to start peace march tomorrow -DAWN - National; 05 August, 2002 The monks will then travel from Ujjain to Sanchi. After the symbolic march from Bari Imam's shrine to the Shah Faisal Mosque, the monks will walk across Margalla Hills upto the Giri site of Taxila. The journey will continue through most of Gandhara Buddhist sites of the Swat Valley. http://dawn.com/2002/08/05/nat2.htm      Journal - The Middle Way Journal The Buddhism patronized by King Kanishka was that of the Theravada Sarvastivada sect, which was centred in Gandhara and Kashmir. Traditionally it was one of the so-called 84,000 stupas built by him. In the vicinity of the main stupa are many monasteries and halls of worship, showing that the stupa did not necessarily exist for the sake of lay Buddhists alone. http://www.thebuddhistsociety.org.uk/mathura.htm      Hazar Khawani Alexander Cunningham holds that the monastery was still an active learning centre of Buddhism even in the 9th or 10th centuries for Vira Deva of Magadha was sent to "the great vihara of Kanishka where the best of teachers were to be found, and which was famous for the quietism of its frequenters"20. After having been identified the site Kanishka Vihara, the name 'Shah Ji Ki Dheri' was given to it for its being part of the property of Shah 'Ata Allah, the Sayyid. As to our opinion regarding nomenclature of the site, we are quite safe in saying that the name 'Shah Ji Ki Dheri' has been given to the site of 'Kanishka Vihara' after the saint Khwaja Sayyid Shah 'Ata Allah lying enshrined in the tomb mentioned elsewhere in this work. http://www.peshawar1.com/htmls/history/hazar1.html      Stupas, Tempel und verwandte Bauwerke in Felsbildern bei Chilas am oberen Indus Excavation of a Buddhist Stupa and a Vihara at Devni Mori — North Gujarat. Bhandarkar, D. Buddhist Stupa at Saidpur in Sind. The Harmika and the Origin of Buddhist Stupas. http://www.thewalt.de/lit.htm      Hazar Khawani Hiuen Tsang further tells us that "according to the prediction of Tathagatha, after this stupa has been seven times burnt down and seven times rebuilt, then the religion of Buddha will disappear. The inscribed cylindrical casket yielded three small fragments of bone believed to be the relics of Buddha (as per his prediction in the accounts of Chinese pilgrims) which were later on presented by Lord Curzon, the then Governor-General of India, to the Buddhists of Burma to be re-enshrined at Mandalay '. In chronological order the site of Shah Ji Ki Dheri, dating to the time of Kanishka. http://www.peshawar1.com/htmls/history/hazar.html      Global Heritage Fund - Site Profile In a small valley between Sirkap and Jaulian lies the Mohra Moradu Monastery, a Buddhist shrine. The lower portions of the stupa are still intact, however, and contain many bas-reliefs of Buddha. It was constructed in the 3rd century BC during the reign of Emperor Ashoka to house the relics of Buddha. http://www.globalheritagefund.org/sites/apac/taxila.html      Instituto Nyingma do Brasil - Centro de Estudos de Yoga e Budismo Tibetano Inspired by the ancient practice of pilgrimage and based on scripture, accounts of early pilgrims, and archaeological reports, this volume traces the growth of the Dharma along the ancient trade routes. Matricheta's "Letter to the Great King Kanishka" (the Maharaja-kanishka-lekha) and Chandragomin's "Letter to a Disciple" (the Shishya-lekha) awaken us to the 150 in full color, this beautiful and informative volume details the history, structures, and meanings of the stupa in every period of Buddhist history. http://www.nyingma.com.br/importados.htm      DECLINE AND FALL OF BUDDHISM One is described as civilized, and worshiping the Buddhist emblems like Chakra, Stupa and tree. He is actually referring to Buddhist upasakas, i.e. Naagaarjuna was the ruling spirit behind the Buddhist Council held under Kanishaka. http://www.ambedkar.org/books/dob5.htm      The Kushan Empire Kanishka was a great patron of Mahayana Buddhism and during his reign, a large number of Buddhist monasteries, sculptures, and stupas were built in the Gandhara region. He also took active part in religious debates, which went on at that time. Kanishka was an important king, who belonged to the second Kushan dynasty. http://www.indianvisit.com/ivnew/thecountry/history/kushan.htm      The Ideals of the East: The Asuka Period: 550 to 700 A.D. A.D., when an ambassador of the Gettaes, then probably under Kanishka, gave to the Chinese scholar Saian, certain translations of a Buddhist scripture. With regard to building, as observed before, Chinese palaces were changed at once into Buddhist temples in an impulse of renunciation, only such alterations being made as would meet the new needs. In 64 A.D. Meitei, a Hâng Emperor, dreamt of a huge golden god, and on waking asked his courtiers for the meaning of his dream. http://www.sacred-texts.com/shi/ioe/ioe08.htm      [No title] Shown above is a very good example of Kanishka's coin portraying him sacrificing at altar on obverse, while reverse shows Buddha sitting in his Abhaydan pose. Huvishka took many titles including `Devaputra' (son of god) and perhaps was a patron of Mathura school of art. A celebrated philosopher, poet and dramatist Ashvaghosh who wrote Buddha Charita, was in his court. http://www.med.unc.edu/~nupam/kushan1.html      Zanskar tour,zanskar tourist attraction,zanskar travel,tourism in zanskar,tourist information,india,jammu ... Sani is also associated with the famous Indian Yogi Naropa, who is said to have sat in meditation for some time under the Kanika Stupa. The large assembly hall, around which all other structures are organised, contains beautiful statues of Buddhist divinities and small stupas in clay, bronze, wood and copper. The ruins around this nunnery are believed to be the original monastic foundation of Karsha: the present monastery was founded during the 14th century. http://www.tourmyindia.com/attraction/zanskar.html      Culture Atlas - Chinese Art - Architecture - Buddhist Building In the successive stories on some of these pagodas are placed Buddhist statues. They brought news not only of the writings and images of the new religion but also of its buildings. It has been reported that small bronze models of the famous stupa of Kanishka at Peshawar (erected in the 1st century AD) were brought to China by Hui Sheng, a monk who took part in a mission to India in the year 518. http://www.lightofchina.com/art/art_architecture_buddhist_building.htm      Untitled Document The remains of a Buddhist Stupa lie about 32 km south east of Rawalpindi in Mankiala village, 2 km off the G.T. Road. According to a legend, Buddha had sacrificed parts of his body here, to feed seven hungry tiger-cubs. Apparently, this stupa was built in the reign of Kanishka (128-151 AD). http://www.shifa.com.pk/hospital/howtoreach/historical.htm      Alexander Move to legendaryKhyber Pass 56 kms from here passing by.Jamrud Fort, Shagai Fort Sphola Stupa, British soldier's Cemetery of 1878. It is a labyrinth of mysterious narrow lanes, colorful bazaar,mosaic of traders,travelers, Pathan and Afghan tribes men. After breakfast visit the Peshawar Museum has one of the best collection of Gandhara art in the world and sculpture illustrating the life of Buddha are laid out in chronological order. http://www.alpine.com.pk/alexander.html      Visual Experience Multiple standing icons of the Buddha that seem to have their basis in the narrative trad. The distribution of relics in Stupas – a solid circular mound used to house relics of the Buddha Bodhgaya (Ganges basin) – the place where the Buddha reached enlightenmen http://www.temple.edu/art_history_india/17-india-218/midterm-review.htm      Achtergrondinformatie, analyse en nieuws over de crisis India-Pakistan Joined by some Pakistani Buddhist, Christian and Muslim members of several non-governmental groups, the peace activists observed three minutes silence in front of the stupa of Ashoka, the Buddhist emperor of India, to refresh the memory of the world's first atomic bomb attack. Wearing yellow robes and singing hymns, the monks unfurled banners bearing the slogans: "Nuclear graveyard of mutual destruction or Land of Great Civilisation for Peace", and "All nuclear weapons be abolished." The monks will travel "as much as possible" on foot, Terasawa said. http://www.indianet.nl/indpak93.html      AllRefer - Peshawar (Pakistan And Bangladesh Political Geography) - Encyclopedia Peshawar has a museum containing Buddhist relics and Gandhara sculpture, a 2d-century Buddhist stupa bearing an inscription by Kanishka, and a university (1950) with several affiliated colleges. During the decade-long Soviet occupation of Afghanistan (1979–89) it was the center of relief operations for Afghan refugees and the command center of the coalition of guerrilla groups intent on expelling the Soviet forces from Afghanistan. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/P/Peshawar.html

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