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| | Nonsense in schoolbooks: 'The Imaginary Lamarck' |
 | | That doctrine, the one with which Lamarck's name is most famously associated, had been widely accepted since antiquity and was taken for granted by most 19th-century biologists. | | | Imagining a mysterious "tendency to perfection," Lamarck declared that simple animals arose spontaneously and then became more complex, evolving in the direction of man. They deviated somewhat from this evolutionary path, however, because they had to adapt to their surroundings and their conditions of existence. | | | Textbooks perpetuate all these follies so that they can perpetuate a bogus dichotomy between Lamarck's views and Darwin's. |
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http://www.textbookleague.org/54marck.htm
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| | Lamarck |
| | Lamarck's own perception of his status at the turn of the century is summarized well by Burkhardt: | | | In an unpublished manuscript of 1801 or 1802 he described the means he supposed were being used to destroy him. | | | If, on the other hand, the romantic perspective excludes those who value highly the role of observation and experiment, who shun metaphysical and religious issues as foreign enterprises, and who believe themselves obligated to deal only with naturalistic and materialistic explanations in science, then Lamarck is among the detractors of romanticism. |
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http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/fgregory/Lamarck.htm
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| | Lamarck (1744 - 1829) |
| | Lamarck's books and the contents of his home were sold at auction, and he was buried in a temporary lime-pit whose remains were exhumed every five years or so, to be piled up in the Paris catacombs, anonymously and without dignity, alongside those of the impoverished, vagrant and unnamed dead. | | | His father, Phillipe, expected Jean to take a career in the church. | | | It might have something to say about how the neo-Lamarckians made that passage.] |
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http://www.victorianweb.org/science/lamarck1.html
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| | A Persistent View |
| | Lamarck was not the first biological thinker to place importance on the Great Chain of Being, or to attribute an evolutionary aspect to it. | | | A survey of Lamarck's influence would not be complete without mention of two biological topics that have Lamarckian aspects; that is, they are related to the inheritance of acquired characteristics. | | | This is a vital insight, and it makes the later Lamarck a missing link between Lamarckism and Darwinian natural selection. |
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http://www.asa3.org/ASA/PSCF/2000/PSCF6-00Cook.html
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| | Evolution: Library: Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
| | Lamarck believed that simple life forms continually came into existence from dead matter and continually became more complex -- and more "perfect" -- as they transformed into new species. | | | Unlike Darwin, Lamarck believed that living things evolved in a continuously upward direction, from dead matter, through simple to more complex forms, toward human "perfection." Species didn't die out in extinctions, Lamarck claimed. | | | Jean Baptiste Lamarck argued for a very different view of evolution than Darwin's. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/02/3/l_023_01.html
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| | Untitled Document |
| | From the beginning Lamarck didn't want to be a priest but wanted to join his brothers and father in the military. | | | At age eleven, Lamarck was educated at the Jesuit school at Amiens. | | | The property of Lamarck's house and his books were sold at public auction. |
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http://www.humboldt.edu/~histbio/Wakeman/About.htm
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| | Deviancy Lamarckianism |
| | One reason for the appeal of Lamarckianism was that it had a greater congruence with religion (Russett, 1976:10). | | | In his 1887 book Theology of Evolution: A Lecture Cope stated that Lamarckism vindicated the belief in a divine purpose expressed through the activity of living organisms. | | | The greater agreement of Lamarck with liberal biases explains why men such as sociologist Lester Frank Ward and other scientist-reformers clung to neo-Lamarckianism long after scientific evidence (Russett, 1976:10). |
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http://members.aol.com/nonracists/dvlamrck.html
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| | jean |
| | Currently it is believed that individuals do not have the ability to evolve as Lamarck explained because they are born and die with the same genetic material. | | | He worked for several years in the Jardin du Roi (Garden of the King) as one of several botanists. | | | Jean Baptiste Lamarck died in 1829 as a common poor man. He was not even given his own grave but rather a rented one was allotted to him. |
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http://dragon.zoo.utoronto.ca/~inx411/jean.html
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| | BrainConnection.com - Charles Darwin and the Theory of Evolution - Page 4 |
| | That is, God had not created the billions of species on earth; they had separated from each other from some central point of origin. | | | That is, God had not created the billions of species on earth; they had separated from each other from some central point of origin." | | | Lamarck's vision of evolution was an attempt to answer the question of how new species are formed. |
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http://www.brainconnection.com/topics?main=fa/darwin4
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| | Lamarck - MSN Encarta |
| | Not until the second half of the 19th century were Lamarck's ideas seriously considered again. | | | As a result of the book and his friendship with Buffon, Lamarck was elected to the Academy of Sciences. | | | He became an associate botanist in 1783, but his most significant work was done when he began to work at the Jardin du Roi (King's Garden) in 1788. |
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http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761557486
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| | [No title] |
| | People turned toward science to guide their lives and explain their surroundings. | | | However, Lamarck is best remembered for his erroneous theory of evolution, which he discussed in his books, Research on the Organization of Living Beings of 1802, and Zoological Philosophy of 1809. | | | Lamarck’s contemporaries scoffed at his evolutionary theory, largely for his lack of evidence. |
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http://www.priweb.org/ed/ICTHOL/ICTHOL02_peer_review_papers/52.html
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| | Early Concepts of Evolution: Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
| | They believed that nature was a reflection of God's benevolent design. | | | Lamarck was mocked and attacked by Cuvier and many other naturalists of his day. | | | In many ways, Darwin's central argument is very different from Lamarck's. |
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http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/history_09
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| | chronology report |
| | Not many scientists did know anything about invertebrates. | | | Jean Baptiste Lamarck was one of the first people to propose a theory of evolution to the public. | | | Cuvier presented the eulogy for Lamarck after his death. |
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http://www.udayton.edu/~hume/Lamarck/lamarck.htm
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| | Ockham's Razor - 01/11/1998: Lamarck's Signature |
| | It is, in the words of the philosopher Daniel C. Dennett, 'Darwin's Dangerous Idea' because it contradicted prevailing religious views that God created all species in a period of about a week a few thousand years ago. | | | Well one of Lamarck's disciples is Professor Ted Steele from the University of Wollongong. | | | But Lamarck also founded invertebrate zoology; he actually coined the term 'vertebrate' and he also popularised the word 'biology' all those years ago. |
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http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/ockham/stories/s14075.htm
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| | Evol Trials 2001 |
| | This could also explain how new species replace the old ones or their ancestors. | | | As the youngest of 11, Lamarck was expected to have a career in church because that's what his father wanted. | | | Lamarck through his career has came up with his own theory of evolution called Lamarckism. |
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http://www.starsandseas.com/SAS_student_work/Evolrprts/EvolTrials2001.htm
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| | Natural Selection: subject gateway to the natural world |
| | These pages present an online version of the above work by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, a scientist of the 18th and 19th century. | | | Lamarck proposed a theory of evolution that explains change as the inheritance by progeny of new traits acquired by parents during their lifetime - a theory totally rejected by neo-darwinians. | | | A short biography of the French naturalist, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829), covering his live and science. |
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http://nature.ac.uk/browse/576.82.html
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| | Jean-Baptiste Lamarck - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Before 1800, he was an essentialist who believed species were unchanging. | | | Jews and other religious groups have been circumcising men for hundreds of generations with no noticeable withering of the foreskin among their descendants. | | | This caught the attention of Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon who arranged for him to be appointed to the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck
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| | Rocky Road: Lamarck |
| | That predecessor was Lamarck, who first expounded his own theory of evolution in 1800. | | | Beyond upsetting the upper crust, Lamarck had the very bad luck to attract the disdain of Georges Cuvier, who wrote him such a scathing eulogy that it was rejected. | | | Poverty even chased him out of his grave; five years after his burial, his rented plot was turned over to someone else and his remains where exhumed and dispersed. |
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http://www.strangescience.net/lamarck.htm
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| | Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) |
| | Lamarck published a series of books on invertebrate zoology and paleontology. | | | Today, the name of Lamarck is associated merely with a discredited theory of heredity, the "inheritance of acquired traits." However, Charles Darwin, Lyell, Haeckel, and other early evolutionists acknowledged him as a great zoologist and as a forerunner of evolution. | | | While Cuvier respected Lamarck's work on invertebrates, he had no use for Lamarck's theory of evolution, and he used his influence to discredit it. |
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http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/lamarck.html
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| | Jean-Baptiste Lamarck |
| | That part of his zoological work which constitutes his solid claim to the highest honor as a zoologist is to be found in his extensive and detailed labors in the departments of living and fossil Invertebrata. | | | To the general reader the name of Lamarck is chiefly interesting on account of his theory of the origin of life and of the diversities of animal forms. | | | Moreover, Lamarck was the first to distinguish vertebrate from invertebrate animals by the presence of a vertebral column, and among the Invertebrata to found the groups Crustacea, Arachnida and Annelida. |
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http://www.nndb.com/people/275/000057104
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| | Lefalophodon: J. B. P. A. de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck |
| | Lamarck's arrogance, wordiness, political isolation, and reputation for wild theorizing left him with few allies before his death, but later in the century he was perceived as perhaps even more important than Darwin as a founder of evolutionary biology. | | | Lamarck was a prodigious taxonomist and wrote lengthy, poorly received theoretical discourses on mineralogy and meterology, but is best known for his sweeping evolutionary theory, which he developed shortly after 1800. | | | Three years after Lamarck's death Cuvier denounced the theory in a nominal "elogy" to his departed colleague. |
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http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/~alroy/lefa/Lamarck.html
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| | Amazon.com: Lamarck the Mythical Precursor: A Study of the Relations between: Books: Madeline ... |
| | It strips away the myth of Lamarck as precursor to Darwin, making the case that the only way to see him, or any figure in the history of science, is within the scientific, religious, philosophical, and political context of his time, rather than in the light of what we know now. | | | Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) was elected to the French Academy of Sciences, yet he had to contend with scientific conservatism ("Do not meddle with my Bible!" Napoleon is said to have commanded the biologists): he eventually died penniless and blind, his work condemned. | | | This book does not attempt to rehabilitate Lamarck but instead places him in his milieu showing that his theories are relevant to a problem still under discussion - the debate on innate versus acquired characteristics - providing a rich contribution to the history of ideas. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/026202179X?v=glance
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| | Lamarck - World of Biography |
| | Yet, the unmistakable genius and spirit of his, is for us to discover and revel at, that such a mortal too walked on this earth, trying to unravel its mysteries. | | | This described the means by which the structure of an organism altered over generations. | | | Lamarck’s works were largely ignored or attacked during his lifetime. |
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http://www.top-biography.com/9100-Lamarck
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| | Jean Baptist de Lamarck |
| | Lamarck did not really explain the origin of this ladder, nor did he acknowledge the possibility of a species becoming extinct. | | | Until the late nineteenth century, it was generally believed that characteristics acquired by organisms in response to the conditions of life or as a result of their own habits could be inherited by their descendents, and both Lamarck and Darwin shared this general opinion. | | | He was the first thinker to come up with a reasonable theory of organic evolution. |
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http://www.kheper.net/evolution/Lamarck.htm
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| | lamarck |
| | Although Lamarck was not the first person to propose the idea of evolution, he was the first person to propose a method for the working of evolution. | | | Lamarck explained the evolution of the long necks of giraffes as having occurred by the stress and strain of reaching their necks high into trees for food. | | | This generally supports Lamarck's ideas about use and disuse. |
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http://mywebpages.comcast.net/llpellegrini/lamarck.html
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| | Lamarck |
| | In fact, these are the translated words of a French botanist and natural historian of invertebrates who set forth a fully developed theory of evolution half a century before Darwin. | | | Indeed, Darwin credited Lamarck as the first person to attribute "all changes in the organic, as well as the inorganic world" to natural laws and not to "miraculous interposition." |
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http://www.dickinson.edu/~nicholsa/Romnat/lamarck.htm
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| | Hall of Fame: Lamarck |
| | Though Lamarck came to zoology late in life, it was in this field that he was to make his most famous contributions. | | | In 1793, Lamarck and Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire were appointed as Professors of Zoology at the Museum of Natural History in Paris during the revolution. | | | In 1779, Lamarck became a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences, after which he explored the botany of Europe for several years. |
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http://www.medusozoa.com/jblamarck.html
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| | Chevalier de Lamarck |
| | He was named botanist of the King's Gardens in Paris in | | | But further observation forced him to revise his theory: he discovered what appeared to be two distinct evolutionary paths for animals, one for those whose bodies showed radial symmetry (such as polyps and starfish) and another for those with bilateral symmetry. | | | The most familiar example of this theory is giraffes: Lamarck suggested that giraffes who, through stretching to reach tall trees, make their necks longer, would then pass on longer necks to their offspring. |
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http://www.english.upenn.edu/Projects/knarf/People/lamarck.html
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| | Natural History: A Division of Worms - Jean Baptiste Lamarck's contributions to evolutionary theory - Part One |
| | Lamarck fully repaid the confidence invested in his general biological abilities by publishing distinguished works in the taxonomy of invertebrates throughout the remainder of his career, culminating in the seven volumes of his comprehensive Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres (Natural history of invertebrate animals), published between 1815 and 1822. | | | Lamarck then published this short discourse in 1801, as the first part of his treatise on invertebrate animals, Systeme des animaux sans vertebres (System of invertebrate animals). | | | Lamarck had been an avid shell collector and student of mollusks (then classified within Linnaeus's large and heterogeneous category of Vermes, or worms)--qualifications deemed sufficient for his shift from botany. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1134/is_1_108/ai_53682801
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| | Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste: People at Canadian Content |
| | Today, the name of Lamarck is associated merely with | | | Additional Information: Lamarck's scientific theories were largely ignored or attacked during his lifetime; Lamarck never won the acceptance and esteem of his colleagues Buffon and Cuvier, and he died in poverty and obscurity. | | | A repository of Lamarck's texts completed by a biography, a bibliography and secondary literature. |
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http://www.canadiancontent.net/dir/Top/Science/Biology/History/People/Lamarck,_Jean-Baptiste
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| | Why the French Ignore Darwin by Steve Sailer for UPI; Lamarck, Lysenko, Peter Frost, Communism, deconstruction, ... |
| | It has become a commonplace observation that of the three bearded 19th Century sages who had such an impact on the 20th Century - Karl Marx, Sigmund Freud, and Charles Darwin - only Darwin's reputation has survived intact into the 21st Century. | | | Oddly, the typical French intellectual's love of communism, especially of Stalinism, combined in a complex manner with his French chauvinism to make him assume Darwinism was merely a dubious add-on to the pioneering work of France's own evolutionary thinker, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829). | | | Today, according to Thierry, no one in France subscribes to Lamarck's theory. |
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http://www.isteve.com/2001_Why_French_Ignore_Darwin.htm
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| | Alibris: Jean Baptiste Pierre Lamarck |
| | This, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's best-known treatise, is a landmark in evolutionary thinking. | | | Discredited in his time, Lamarck's 18th- and 19th-century research appears to have been closer to the mark than many would have guessed. | | | Your search: Books » Author: Jean Baptiste Pierre Lamarck |
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http://www.alibris.com/search/books/author/Jean_Baptiste_Pierre_Lamarck
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| | Evolution: Library: Zoological Philosophy |
| | Lamarck was convinced that species evolved, but he was wrong about the process by which this evolution occurred. | | | Some of his observations about the influence of the environment on organisms and the use and disuse of organs affecting their development did have an element of truth. |
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http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/02/3/l_023_02.html
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| | Freethought of the Day |
| | Darwin and others eventually hailed LaMarck, who died in obscurity and poverty, for doing the "eminent service of arousing attention to the probability of all changes in the organic, as well as in the inorganic world, being the result of law, and not of miraculous interposition." LaMarck was a Deist in the classical sense. | | | On this date in 1744, Jean Baptiste LaMarck was born in France, and later educated at the Jesuit College in Amiens. | | | Click calendar to see a recent Freethought of the Day: |
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http://www.ffrf.org/day?day=2&month=8
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| | Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine - Bright Sparcs Biographical entry |
| | Jean Baptiste P. Lamark was appointed botanist to the French king in 1781 and from 1793 was professor of invertebrate zoology at the Museum of Natural History, Paris. | | | He devised one of the earliest hypotheses explaining the evolutionary development of life. | | | Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine (1744 - 1829) |
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http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/biogs/P002134b.htm
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| | Lamarck - Search Results - MSN Encarta |
| | Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste (1744-1829), French botanist and invertebrate zoologist who formulated one of the earliest theories of evolution. | | | Can a giraffe lengthen its neck by reaching for food, and then pass on this longer neck to its offspring? |
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http://ca.encarta.msn.com/Lamarck.html
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| | MedHist: The gateway to Internet resources for the History of Medicine |
| | The manuscripts and herbarium section provides digitised images taken from Lamarck's Herbarium and unpublished works. | | | The first provides a chronology of his life while the section labelled "Biography of Lamarck" consists of a number of historical biographical works about Lamarck. | | | The texts are available both in HTML and Microsoft Word format and may be searched using a search engine. |
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http://medhist.ac.uk/browse/byname/699ec4648b7ae2e8f06f2e1111d07d66.html
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| | Links SQL Demo |
| | Some of the works here reproduced in text format are edited for the first time since their publication more than two hundred years ago. | | | Name of Collection: Jean-Baptiste Lamarck : works and heritage | | | Description: The site « Works and heritage of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck », still in progress, is designed to make available the works of a much quoted but little read French naturalist, as well as documents relating to his career and life. |
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http://www.unesco.org/cgi-bin/webworld/digicol/page.cgi?g=Detailed/216.shtml&t=av&d=1
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| | EGU - Jean Baptiste Lamarck Medal |
| | The Jean Baptiste Lamarck Medal is established by the Division on Stratigraphy, Sedimentology and Paleontology in recognition of the scientific achievement of Jean Baptiste Lamarck. | | | The medal will be awarded each year, alternating between the three subdivisions, so that each third year a Stratigrapher, Sedimentologist or Paleontologist will be awarded. |
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http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/awards/jean_baptiste_lamarck_overview.html
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| | Kuhn--biology timeline |
| | This work presented his theory that “once nature formed life, the arrangement of all subsequent forms of life was the result of time and environment interacting with the organization of organic beings.From the simplest forms of life, more complex forms emerged naturally” (“Lamarck”). | | | 1815-1822: Lamarck published the seven-volume work, Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebras (Natural History Of Animals without Backbones) (“Lamarck”). | | | 1809: Jean Baptiste Lamarck, a French botanist and invertebrate zoologist published Philosophie zoologique (Zoological Philosophy). |
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http://www.susqu.edu/facstaff/h/hastings/Bioline.htm
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| | Jean-Baptiste Lamarck - Wikipedia |
| | Jean Baptisct Lamareck merupakan fenomena evolusi dalam perkembangan ilmu biologi. | | | Tumbuhan kaktus yang hidup dengan tegar di sepanjang gurun Afrika merupakan hasil manisfestasi daripada proses adaptasi terhadap lingkungan gurun, demikian teori evolusi Lamarck yang luar biasa itu. |
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http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck
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| | Vermes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | For other uses of the term, see Vermes, Switzerland. | | | Vermes ("worms") is an obsolete taxon used by Carolus Linnaeus and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck for all non-arthropod invertebrate animals. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermes
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| | Adventures in Philosophy: Classical Essay |
| | Just as man has surpassed himself by obtaining knowledge of sublime things, just so he seems to be inferior to himself in as far as mostly obscure and disparate hypotheses have been advanced to explain the particular phenomena which Man's environment constantly presents to his eyes. | | | Excerpted from Recherches sur les Causes des Principaux Faits Physiques, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck |
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http://radicalacademy.com/adiphiloessay240.htm
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| | Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
| | Naturalist and pre-Darwinian evolutionist, born in Bazentin, France. | | | Lamrack, Jeqan Baptiste (Pierre Antoine) deMonet, chevalier de (1744-1829) |
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http://userwww.sfsu.edu/~rob/Lamarck.html
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| | Evolution - Image Gallery - Lamarck, Jean Baptiste |
| | The French naturalist Jean Baptise Lamarck (1744 - 1829) is best remembered for what has been called Lamarckism: the mistaken theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics. | | | Evolution - Image Gallery - Lamarck, Jean Baptiste |
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http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/ridley/image_gallery/Lamarck__Jean_Baptiste_.asp
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| | Zoological Philosophy by Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
| | Other works by Charles Darwin, Jean Baptiste Lamarck, J. Mark Baldwin, Etc., will follow | | | To return to this webring click on any "TABLE OF CONTENTS" link | | | 1) Table Of Contents for "Zoological Philosophy" by Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
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http://members.aol.com/evomech
(294 words)
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