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| | Evidence for Our Irrationality |
 | | There is a difference between irrationality and ignorance. | | | Lots of people over the past 20 years have asserted that people are systematically irrational. | | | So the three arguments - considered in section IV - designed to show that The Irrationality Argument must be mistaken don’t succeed. |
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http://www.ling.rochester.edu/~feldman/philosophy243/17-irrationality.html
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| | 20th WCP: How Genuine is the Paradox of Irrationality? |
| | Though the irrational must not lie totally outside the ambit of the rational, it must not lie totally inside either. | | | A simple answer is that even the belief against one's best evidentiary judgment is normally caused by some underpinning desires or wishes which are outside of, and not invoked as reasons in, the pure cognitive/theoretic domain. | | | That is, if the person never engages himself in relevant reasoning, he cannot be judged irrational; we may call him nonrational at most. |
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http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Acti/ActiZhen.htm
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| | RSP&&A;; Web Site: Commentary |
| | First, irrationality is spawned by the growth of fundamentalist religion and its allure to those that are looking for simple answers to exceedingly complex questions. | | | Second, irrationality is encouraged by national leaders (both religious and secular), who use it to deflect internal criticism and popular self-examination. | | | Fourth, irrationality accelerates when fundamentalist religion and state-sponsored misinformation enter the classroom, resulting in a brain-washed younger generation that is only too anxious to believe and far too reticent to question. |
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http://www.rspa.com/commentary/Comment1.html
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| | irrationality Quotes |
| | The irrationality of a thing is no argument against its existence, rather a condition of it. |
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http://www.laurasmidiheaven.com/Quotes/irrationality-Quotes.shtml
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| | Irrationality of God |
| | However, this is truth that cannot be understood rationally: an element of faith that the nature of God is incomprehensible to humans is necessary to fully embrace this Christian doctrine. | | | God once dwelt among mortal men, thus he has clearly revealed both his existence (that he is) and his essence (what he is) to the world. | | | The essential dilemma of the Christian thinker is that he is torn between two opposite ends of contemplation. |
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http://members.aol.com/RM338/irrational.html
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| | Why People Are Irrational about Politics |
| | To explain why some would adopt irrational political beliefs, we need only suppose that some individuals’ non-epistemic belief preferences are stronger than their desire (if any) to be epistemically rational. | | | Even if there are people who are not very good at getting to the truth (they are stupid, or irrational, etc.), their beliefs should be, at worst, unrelated to the truth; they should not be systematically directed away from the truth. | | | This belief would be straightforward to check, and any effort to do so would show it to be drastically inaccurate; so it seems that this must be a belief held in the absence of evidence. |
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http://home.sprynet.com/~owl1/irrationality.htm
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| | Irrationality |
| | Asked to answer a factual question, then asked to give the probability that their answer was correct, people typically overestimate this probability. | | | But in the post-war years these aspects were mostly brushed aside by the new wave of rationalists. | | | Instead, most now view them as “quasi-rational”: trying as hard as they can to be rational but making the same mistakes over and over. |
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http://www.u.arizona.edu/~sreynold/thinking.html
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| | [No title] |
| | Rationally irrational agents choose their utility-maximizing combination of wealth and irrationality based on an unbiased judgment about the tradeoffs. | | | Rational Irrationality Suppose an agent has well-defined preferences over both personal wealth and beliefs; he cares about his wealth, but also has a "bliss belief" y* that (holding wealth constant) he would most like to believe [Akerlof and Dickens, 1982; Akerlof, 1989; Caplan, 1999a, 1999b]. | | | Not only has it been ascribed to both preferences and beliefs, but in each domain there is a spectrum of rationality standards, from least- to most-demanding. |
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http://www.gmu.edu/departments/economics/bcaplan/eejformat.doc
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| | [No title] |
| | Four disparate lines of research maintain that the irrationality of political and/or religious beliefs may be merely apparent. | | | What follows is an alternative model of “rational irrationality,” that explains why people hold low-information, high certitude, systematically biased beliefs. In the model, agents trade off utility from beliefs against utility from states of affairs. | | | A peculiar feature of beliefs about politics, religion, etc. is that the private repercussions of error are virtually nonexistent, setting the private cost of irrationality at zero; it is therefore in these areas that irrational views are most apparent. |
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http://www.gmu.edu/departments/economics/bcaplan/ratirnew.doc
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| | Aquinas Faith Is The Basis Of Irrationality |
| | Portraits of Jesus that have been assembled on the basis of faith have been deconstructed to try to evaluate the historicity of the resulting... | | | Other Aquinas Faith Is The Basis Of Irrationality Info | | | Everything you wanted to know about Faith and |
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http://www.acardinaldeposed.com/aquinas-faith-is-the-basis-of-irrationality.html
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| | Origen of Alexandria [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] |
| | Irrationality is ignorance, the absence of a conception of the good. | | | For Origen recognized freedom only in reason, in rationality, which is precisely the ability to recognize and embrace the good, which is for him God. | | | The ignorant person cannot be held responsible for his ignorance, except to the extent that he has been lazy, not applying himself to the cultivation of reason. |
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http://www.iep.utm.edu/o/origen.htm
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| | Irrationality - The "Fatal Flaw" |
| | There are five irrational beliefs that many of us hold and that we can learn to unlearn them. | | | This well-known pillar of irrationality can be explained by reference to the principle of cognitive dissonance -- the mental conflict that occurs when cherished beliefs or assumptions are contradicted by new evidence. | | | The second irrational (and unprovable) idea is: "Because it is highly desirable that others treat me considerately and fairly, they absolutely should and must do so, and they are rotten people who deserve to be utterly damned when they do not." |
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http://www.skysite.org/irrational.html
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| | The Irrationality of Patriotism by Andrew Young |
| | To say that we must not allow those who have already died to have lost their lives in vain is to say that, to prevent them from having lost their lives in vain, more people should die in vain. | | | As has been demonstrated, patriotism promotes irrational behavior, encourages people to avoid speaking the truth, and motivates people to kill and be killed in wars for which there is no justification. | | | Therefore, while claiming to be bringing democracy to the Iraqis, the warmongers were criticizing another democracy for actually following the wishes of its people. |
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http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig5/young-andrew1.html
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| | Humanities - Open Encyclopedia |
| | They reveal how people have tried to make moral, spiritual, and intellectual sense of a world in which irrationality, despair, loneliness, and death are as conspicuous as birth, friendship, hope, and reason. | | | Scholars working in the humanities are sometimes described as humanists, but this can be inaccurate, as it also describes a philosophical position (humanism) which some antihumanist scholars in the humanities reject. | | | The humanities offer clues but never a complete answer. |
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http://open-encyclopedia.com/Humanities
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| | Neoplatonism [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] |
| | This somewhat gratuitous skewing of the Plotinian noetic realm also led Iamblichus to posit an array of intermediate spiritual beings between the lower souls and the intelligible realm -- daemons, the souls of heroes, and angels of all sorts. | | | Irrationality does not constitute, for Plotinus, a "second nature," but is merely a flawed exercise of rationality -- that is, doxa untempered by epistêmê -- on the part of the individual soul. | | | Like Porphyry, he also wrote a biography of Pythagoras. |
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http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/n/neoplato.htm
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| | Atlas: An irrationality criterion for $p$-adic binomial series by Tapani Matala-aho |
| | But, when the both methods work we are able to get irrationality measures even for certain p-adic roots of unity. | | | It is interesting to note that Padé approximation method does not give irrationality results in all those cases, which can be handled by the method of this paper. | | | The author(s) of this document and the organizers of the conference have granted their consent to include this abstract in Atlas Conferences Inc. Document # cacf-27. |
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http://atlas-conferences.com/cgi-bin/abstract/cacf-27
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| | Political Failure and Rational Irrationality |
| | The idea is related but not identical to what Public Choicers call rational ignorance. | | | But since being irrational, in that sense, is an action, it makes sense to ask questions about whether it is rational -- that is, about whether a person's ends are well-served -- by being irrational. | | | For most people, it can be rational -- can best serve their ends -- to be not just ignorant but irrational about politics. |
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http://personal.bgsu.edu/~roberth/caplan.html
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| | Irrationality of the nth roots of some integers |
| | Hardy's comment above precedes Theorem 44 in his book[1]. | | | Irrationality of the nth roots of some integers | | | Q.E.D. There are many proofs known of the irrationality of √2. |
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http://www.mathpath.org/proof/nthroot.irrat.htm
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| | Irrationality of Pi |
| | Make sure you look at the exercises in Spivak at the end of the chapters I mentioned. | | | is irrational is contained in Chapter 16 of Spivak. | | | That means e doesn't satisfy any polynomial equation with rational coefficients. |
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http://www.math.okstate.edu/~wrightd/4713/comments/node2.html
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| | Lesson 6: The Irrationality Axiom |
| | It is best to approach the market without a notion of why people act, relying instead on unbiased observation. | | | To say that market participants behave irrationally is not the same as saying that there is no rational explanation for market movements. | | | "To say that market participants behave irrationally is not the same as saying that there is no rational explanation for market movements." |
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http://capital-flow-analysis.com/Lessons/lesson_six.htm
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| | SSRN-The Evolution of Irrationality by Owen Jones |
| | This Article explains two components of an evolutionary framework that, building from accessible insights of behavioral biology, can encompass all three. | | | In recent years, scholars have sought frameworks to explain: a) disjunctions between seemingly rational behavior and seemingly irrational behavior; b) the origins of and influences on law-relevant preferences, and c) the nonrandom development of norms. | | | The place of the rational actor model in the analysis of individual and social behavior relevant to law remains unresolved. |
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http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=611947
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| | Re: Irrationality in economics and politics |
| | "PGreenfinch" wrote: > Irrationality exists obviously also in politics, including geopolitics, > since the dawn of time. | | | But the hubris of politicians is such that > they don't seem to admit those kind of emotional and cognitive > biases making for a lot of blunders in their decisions. | | | We can even see an irrational geopolitics > *bubble* right now. |
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http://www.talkaboutinvestments.com/group/sci.econ/messages/181796.html
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| | Irrationality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | For irrationality as it relates to numbers, see rational number. | | | There is a clear tendency to view our own thoughts, words, and actions as rational and to see those who disagree as irrational. | | | Types of behavior which are often described as irrational include: |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irrationality
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| | Canadian Slavonic Papers: Between Reason and Irrationality: The Prose of Valerijan Pidmohyl'nyj |
| | This is a deliberately, avowedly, and most usefully old-fashioned book. | | | This polarity, which has several synonyms in Pidmohyl'nyi's works (e.g., the magic of the night and the logic of the day, the village and the city), is pressed upon him by his experiences and his historical and cultural milieu. | | | As Tarnawsky reads it, Pidmohyl'nyi's implicit theory of reason and the irrational unfolds against the background of maturation of his capabilities as the maker of aesthetic forms. |
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http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3763/is_199609/ai_n8747486
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| | StudyWorks! Online : The Reign of Irrationality |
| | The fact that /2 is irrational was proved around 500 BC by Hippasus, a disciple of Pythagoras. | | | A number is said to be irrational if it cannot be written as a ratio of two whole numbers. | | | Most participants at the mathematics conference where Apéry spoke thought he could not possibly be correct. |
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http://www.studyworksonline.com/cda/content/article/0,,NAV4-44_SAR356,00.html
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| | irrationality |
| | With perception now being ambiguous and subjective, irrationality is invited in, if not actually promoted, as people can usually find some verbal framework in which to rationalize their behavior, along with a scapegoat or an excuse to explain away their failures. | | | It is only when the perception goes to excesses that the concept tends to be irrational. | | | Irrationality is a matter of unnecessarily modifying a good idea to the idea's detriment or unnecessarily adhering to a bad idea to ones disservice. |
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http://www.homestead.com/freeinfohwy/irrationality.html
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| | Irrationality of Quick Convergent Series (ResearchIndex) |
| | 7 A Theorem on Irrationality of Infinite Series and Applicatio.. | | | There are many papers concerning the irrationality of infinite series. | | | The author [7] defined the irrational sequences and proved criterion for them. |
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http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/239313.html
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| | Irrationality proofs |
| | Irrational numbers are numbers which cannot be expressed as a fraction of two integers (see Classification of numbers). | | | Many famous numbers are known to be irrational. | | | Proving the irrationality of a given number is often a difficult problem. |
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http://numbers.computation.free.fr/Constants/Miscellaneous/irrationality.html
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| | Untitled |
| | As Ronald Takaki put it, these rationalized settings are places in which "the self was placed in confinement, its emotions controlled, and its spirit subdued." In other words, they are settings in which people cannot behave as human beings, where people are dehumanized. | | | Although Weber was concerned about the irrationalities of formally rationalized systems such as bureaucracies, he was even more animated by what he called the "iron cage of rationality." In Weber's view, bureaucracies are cages in the sense that people are trapped in them, their basic humanity denied. | | | Like the fast-food restaurant, it is a dehumanizing place in which to work and by which to be serviced. |
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http://www.stedwards.edu/bss/farrall/irration.htm
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| | Sutherland - Irrationality |
| | Could these companies be persuaded to spend their money on live music instead? | | | Here he is expressing Karl Popper's view of the logic of science: "although it is impossible ever to prove a rule with certainty, a single discrepant observation refutes it". | | | There are so many fascinating and startling experiments referred to in this book that it is only possible to hint at the range of issues explored: "at a rough count, about a hundred different systematic causes for irrational thinking have been described". |
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http://www.nous.org.uk/Sutherland.html
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| | Rationality & Irrationality [J & P] - Ecademy |
| | I would say, though, that regarding MBTI, my experience of measuring hundreds of people's types using this instrument has led me to believe that people often perceive others as 'irrational', only because they are different in terms of their psychological preferences. | | | All four scales of MBTI seem (in my experience) to generate this perception, although the one which probably has the most bearing is the T (Thinking) and F (Feeling) dimension, because this scale is about how people make their decisions. | | | I would strongly recommend reading 'Irrationality' by Stuart Sutherland (professor of psychology at Sussex University until his death a few years ago). |
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http://www.ecademy.com/node.php?id=15480
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| | When Rogues Defy Reason: Bashar's Syria - Middle East Quarterly - Fall 2003 |
| | Indeed, Bashar's anti-U.S. conduct has been universally assailed as irrational. | | | This does not mean that the rogue enemies of the United States are incapable of ever curtailing their aggression. | | | More importantly, this faulty assumption of rational enemies reminds us why the post-9/11 preemption doctrine is both a valid and indispensable policy option to thwart enemies who cannot be deterred. |
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http://www.meforum.org/article/562
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| | Home Page For irrationality - What is irrationality? |
| | Languages -The Translation, Meaning, Etymology, Arts of irrationality explored in other languages. | | | Names - Are there any People or Businesses called irrationality? | | | Etymology - The origin of the word irrationality in English. |
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http://www.humanityquest.com/topic/Index.asp?theme1=irrationality
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| | [ks-open] Re: Game Theory and Policy of Irrationality |
| | I might add, I've heard from knowledgeable sources that Kim Jong-il is smart and he knows what he's doing. | | | Donald Clark's statement that North Korea's policy is not irrational is also correct. | | | Now I shall return to pondering the global consequences of proliferating irrationality in the international political arena. |
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http://koreaweb.ws/pipermail/ksopen_koreaweb.ws/2001-March/001266.html
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| | Blogger: Email Post to a Friend |
| | political views even though their collective irrationality makes them... | | | off, the logic of collective belief shows that agents may rationally choose irrational | | | collective irrationality which led both sides perilously close to mutual... |
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http://www.blogger.com/email-post.g?blogID=1949482&postID=110225811975061157
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| | The Peace Encyclopedia: The Stockholm Syndrome |
| | This kind of irrationality is bad enough in a relationship between two private people. | | | It can be disastrous if it dominates the national security policy-making of a state." |
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http://www.yahoodi.com/peace/stockholm.html
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| | Oxford Scholarship Online: Weakness of Will and Practical Irrationality |
| | The former intersects with recent theorizing about the nature of practical reason in general, and the latter with work in the philosophy of mind about the kinds of mental states and entities we need to posit in order adequately to understand human action. | | | Subject: Philosophy Book Title: Weakness of Will and Practical Irrationality | | | The essays advance two central tasks: exploration of the implications of akrasia and other putatively irrational phenomena for the nature of practical reason and rationality; and consideration of possible explanations for such phenomena. |
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http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/philosophy/0199257361/toc.html
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| | Irrationality & Decision Sciences : DecisionCraft Analytics |
| | Managers often do not voice their disagreement to their bosses. | | | Judging by the first thing that comes to mind: Very often managers are influenced by a conversation they had at lunch or by a stray item read in a newspaper, rather than by the evidence at their disposal. | | | Here are four of the errors/phenomena that very often induce irrationality: |
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http://www.decisioncraft.com/dmdirect/irrationality.htm
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| | Irrationality of Sqrt(2) (PRIME) |
| | This result, among the most elegant in mathematics, was known to the Greeks and is therefore quite ancient. | | | A slightly more general argument along the same lines shows that all square roots of integers are irrational, except when the integers are perfect squares (1, 4, 9, 16, 25, etc.). | | | The (classical) proof you give of the irrationality of the square root of two is clear and elegant enough, but hardly the shortest or most revealing. |
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http://www.mathacademy.com/pr/prime/articles/irr2/index.asp
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| | Greenwood Publishing Group I1 |
| | The first book to explore systematically and comprehensively the influence and utility of irrationality in international relations, this study begins with an intensive exploration of the nature of irrationality. | | | Mandel's volume should be of interest to anyone who wishes to investigate this dimension of international relations. | | | Finally, the work assesses patterns which emerge throughout the case studies and generates policy perceptions for applying or resisting irrationality, suggesting as well, the global consequences of proliferating irrationality in the international political arena. |
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http://info.greenwood.com/books/0313259/031325950x.html
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| | Irrationality of Quadratic Sums |
| | Is the sum of and infinite quadratic sequence necessarily irrational? | | | However, if we allow each denominator to EXCEED the square of the previous denominator, then the proof of irrationality becomes a little more difficult. | | | then the overall sum is irrational (and this condition is clearly met by my "quadratic" unit fraction sequences.) To prove this irrationality criterion, Dean observes that if the infinite sum 1/d[1] + 1/d[2] +... |
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http://mathpages.com/home/kmath455.htm
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| | Salon.com Business Rational irrationality |
| | But some argued that irrational exuberance might not be irrational after all. | | | With the development of revolutionary new technologies, there was no reason stocks shouldn't continue to rise, perhaps even bringing the Dow up to 36,000. | | | It seems investors' notorious "irrational exuberance" has finally passed. |
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http://www.salon.com/business/feature/2000/10/31/irrationality
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| | Fitness Testing Irrationality Fitness Articles. |
| | Visit his site at www.ExerciseCertification.com for more free articles. | | | Since most centers ask you to sign contracts that can be difficult to cancel, make sure that joining a fitness center is for you and that | | | There are many types of effective golf swing exercises. |
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http://www.eweb-fitness.com/article/Fitness/Fitness-Testing-Irrationality
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| | RATIONALITY VS IRRATIONALITY |
| | The lives and property of their patriotic citizens would continue to be in jeopardy. | | | A democratic State, whether it be the USA, India, Israel or any other country, has no greater duty today than to protect its citizens from these irrational jihadi serial killers and eradicate them before they manage to lay hands on what they call Pakistan's Islamic atomic bomb and turn it into a Wahabi atomic bomb. | | | Over 3,500 innocent civilians died in the 9/11 jihadi terrorist strikes in the USA, but, fortunately, many of us lived to fight another day. |
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http://saag.org/papers9/paper831.html
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| | INSTRUMENTS - Online Information article about INSTRUMENTS |
| | This want of proportion in the dispersion for different regions of the spectrum is called the " irrationality of dispersion "; and it is as a See also: | | | direct consequence of this irrationality, that there exists a secondary spectrum or residual See also: | | | field, although glasses are now produced whose irrationality of dispersion has been reduced to a very slight amount. |
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http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/I27_INV/INSTRUMENTS.html
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| | HOME |
| | The continued fraction L is a Liouville number with irrationality base one [10] | | | A number with irrationality base any rational number k/h > 1, and an inequality for all integers p,q with q > 0 large [13] | | | Corrigendum: On the irrationality of some alternating series, with J. Sandor, Studia Univ. Babes-Bolyai Math. |
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http://home.earthlink.net/~jsondow
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