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| | Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | Frederick's illegitimate son Manfred, King of Sicily, was born in 1231 of Bianca, the daughter of Count Bonifacio Lancia. | | | Frederick's further attempts to rule over the Kingdom of Jerusalem were met by resistance on the part of the barons, led by John of Ibelin, Lord of Beirut. | | | Upon her death in 1198, Pope Innocent III succeeded as Frederick's guardian until he was of age, and the young King of Sicily was educated at Rome. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
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| | Emperor Frederick II - Best of Sicily Magazine |
| | Frederick's long reign took him into the heart of Germany to tame his rebellious vassals, and to the Holy Land on crusade. | | | The next year, Frederick was crowned King of Jerusalem in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre as the only Holy Roman Emperor to be so honoured. | | | In Apulia, on the mainland, the previously childless Constance gave birth, at 40 (in the presence of numerous witnesses), to a son christened Frederick. |
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http://www.bestofsicily.com/mag/art57.htm
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Frederick II |
| | Frederick's sole desire was for peace in Germany, even if to secure this he had to make the greatest sacrifices; and for this reason, he granted to the ecclesiastical and temporal lords a series of privileges, which subsequently developed into the independent sovereignty of these princes. | | | Some were loyal to the Church and took the cross, others adhered to Frederick and became the enemies of God's religion." | | | Most of the lay lords, however, remained faithful to the emperor and exhibited an attitude of hostility to the clergy. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06255a.htm
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| | Gothic Paris Frederick II, 1194-1250 |
| | Frederick's success in Sicily made the Church, headed by Pope Gregory, nervous, but in 1227, the year Frederick promised to begin his long-awaited crusade, he became ill with a plague that almost killed him. | | | The Greek Emperor Vatatzes had sent "considerable auxiliaries" to Frederick by the beginning of 1250, and Frederick awaited victory in the Holy Lands and at home, with all the secular heads against the Pope (682). | | | The Ghibelline spirit in the thirteenth century stood for secular intelligence and thirst for knowledge that the Church considered heresy (Kantorowicz 67). |
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http://www.nku.edu/~rosemi/paris/ver1/bios/frederick_ii.html
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| | Promenade the Puzzle: The Poetic Vision of Peter Sinfield |
| | "What Frederick II wanted to be, it seems agreed, was the Roman emperor of old, but a "Catholic" Roman emperor--claiming that the empire was created divinely, and that he was divinely commissioned to bring about the reign of justice and peace, and also to spread the gospel everywhere. | | | The emperor was making it his life's aim to restore the ancient subordination of religion to the State. | | | Frederick established and endowed the University of Naples, the first clearly secular university in the West. |
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http://www.songsouponsea.com/Promenade/ChapterOneA.html
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| | The Invisible Basilica: Frederick of Hohenstaufen |
| | With respect to religion, Frederick viewed Christianity as little more than a means to expand his Empire. | | | His troubles with the Church began when, after having announced his intention to go on a crusade at his coronation as King of Germany, he postponed actually taking up the cross for fifteen years; instead, he used the papal protection given a crusader to help him consolidate his holdings in Italy. | | | The church had finally prevailed against Frederick, but at very great expense in both resources and credibility. |
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http://www.hermetic.com/sabazius/frederick.htm
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| | 1200 - 1300 |
| | Emperor Frederick II returns from the Holy Lands to defend himself from Pope Gregory IX's army. | | | The electors elect Adolf of Nassau as king of Germany, and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, instead of Rudolf I's son Albert I. The last of the crusaders are forced out of Egypt by the Mamluks, and the era of the Crusades comes to an end. | | | Alfonso X, kind of Leon and Castile attempts to claim the Holy Roman Empire. |
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http://www.medievaltymes.com/courtyard/1200_-_1299.htm
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| | Under Pope Innocent IV Lyons-1 |
| | Innocent {1}, bishop, servant of the servants of God, in the presence of the holy council, for an everlasting record. | | | It is clear that in the kingdom of Sicily eleven or more archiepiscopal and many episcopal sees, abbacies and other churches are at present vacant, and through his agency, as is patent, these have long been deprived of prelates, to their own grave loss and the ruin of souls. | | | Finally, this holy and general synod imparts the benefit of its prayers and blessings to all who piously set out on this enterprise in order that it may contribute worthily to their salvation. |
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http://www.ewtn.com/library/COUNCILS/LYONS1.HTM
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| | Jerusalem Peace Treaty of Jaffa (020303) |
| | Frederick took residence in the old Hospital of St. John and then proceeded on Sunday 18th March 1229 to Crown himself King of Jerusalem in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. | | | The emperor swelled up with anger at this and had every entrance carefully guarded, forbidding anyone carrying food to approach us or those who were with us, placing crossbowmen and archers everywhere.They seriously attacked us and the brothers of the Temple and pilgrims. | | | Frederick led a small force to the Holy Land. |
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http://www.solami.com/jaffa1.html
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| | Keeping Catholics Catholic Page XXV-The Timeline-The Thirteenth Century |
| | Frederick II had sought reconciliation with the Church. | | | It was after hearing this unknown Gospel passage that he devoted himself fully to the Lord. | | | The Crown of Thorns that capped the Head of Christ during His Passion, was carried to France by two Dominican priests. |
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http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Ithaca/6461/13cent.html
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| | Frederick |
| | Frederick I of Prussia, (1657-1713), Elector of Brandenburg (1688-1713), King in Prussia (1701-1713) | | | Frederick Augustus I of Saxony, (1750-1827), Elector (1763-1806) and King (1806-1827) of Saxony | | | Frederick Augustus III of Saxony, (1865-1932), King of Saxony (1904-1918) |
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http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/F/Frederick.htm
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| | History Bookshop.com: Frederick II, Death of |
| | He was a fine horseman and swordsman, went coursing with leopards and panthers, and wrote the first classic medieval textbook on falconry. | | | The pope, who had excommunicated him the year before, was not pleased. | | | This made him, in theory at least, the temporal head of Christ's people on earth and the overlord of northern Italy. |
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http://www.historybookshop.com/articles/people/monarchs/frederick-2-death-of-ht.asp
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| | BikeAbout Trip Log: April 8-10, 1998 |
| | Educated by the Pope (after all Frederick had the same birthday as Jesus Christ), he was crowned (at the age of four) by his father as King of Sicily. | | | But to other folks, he seemed pretty swell; he was, in fact, known to some as Frederick the Great, and to others as Stupor Mundi, or "Wonder of the World." What made him so great? | | | Person of the Day: Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II was an extremely noteworthy 13th century leader. |
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http://www.bikeabout.org/journal/notes_113.htm
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| | Medieval Sourcebook: Salimbene: On Frederick II, 13th Century |
| | Many days afterwards, standing in that same palace with Michael, he asked of him, as if by the way, whether he were indeed so far from the sky as he had before said. | | | But he laboured in vain, for the children could not live without clappings of the hands, and gestures, and gladness of countenance, and blandishments. | | | Moreover, he knew to speak with many and varied tongues, and, to be brief, if he had been rightly Catholic, and had loved God and His Church, he would have had few emperors his equals in the world." |
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http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/salimbene1.html
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| | Bright Knight: Amy's FK Crusades Alignment |
| | Frederick will be called "the wonder of the world" for his intelligence, and "the baptized sultan" for his religious equivocation. | | | The people who happen to see him go pelt his party with tripe. | | | Immured in Emperor Frederick II's harem in Palermo, Yolanda bears him a son, and dies within days. |
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http://users.lmi.net/~akr/fk/timeline/crusades.htm
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| | ENZIO - LoveToKnow Article on ENZIO |
| | His captivity was a severe blow to the Hohenstaufen cause in Italy, and was soon followed by the death of the emperor. | | | 1220-1272), king of Sardinia, was a natural son of the emperor Frederick II. | | | He seems to have been well treated by the people of Bologna, where he remained a captive until his death on the I4th of March 1272. |
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http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/E/EN/ENZIO.htm
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| | MANFRED - LoveToKnow Article on MANFRED |
| | Three letters written by Manfred are published by J. Carusius in Bibliotheca hislorica regni Siciliae (Palermo, 1732). | | | Frederick himself appears to have regarded Manfred as legitimate, and by his will named him as prince of Tarentum and appointed him as the representative in Italy of his half-brother, the German king, Conrad IV. | | | 1232-1266), king of Sicily, was a natural son of the emperor Frederick II. |
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http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/M/MA/MANFRED.htm
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| | Frederick II, Stupor Mundi |
| | In fact, Gregory had previously attempted unsuccessfully to enforce his claims by dispatching an invading army while Frederick was away in the Holy Land on Crusade. | | | He was strongly influenced by Islamic, Hebrew and Christian scholars, all of whom he cultivated at his court in Sicily. | | | Later, as a successful, though somewhat reluctant, crusader in the Holy Land, he was crowned King of Jerusalem--a title he claimed through his second wife Iolande, a daughter of John, Count of Brienne. |
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http://www.boglewood.com/sicily/frederick2.html
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| | Frederick_II_of_Austria |
| | Even the Kuenringer family, which had so far been faithful to the ruling house, started an insurgency as soon as his reign began. | | | But most dangerous were his disputes with Emperor Frederick II, who ostracized him in 1236. | | | Duke Frederick finally died in a battle against the Hungarian king Béla IV by the Leitha river. |
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http://www.comicscomics.com/search.php?title=Frederick_II_of_Austria
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| | Emperor Frederick |
| | The controversy was revived after Gregory IX was dead, when Innocent IV was Pope; and again a devastating letter, which men were bound to remember, was written by Frederick against the church. | | | He inherited this kingdom in 1198, when he was four years old; his mother was his guardian for six months, and when she died, Pope Innocent III (1198 to 1216) became regent and guardian. | | | He became Pope at thirty-seven.) It was Innocent who had preached a cruel crusade against the heretics in the south of France, a crusade that presently became a looting expedition beyond his control. |
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http://www.oldandsold.com/articles32n/history-line-12.shtml
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| | Amazon.com: Books: Frederick II: A Medieval Emperor |
| | Apparently then in the 13th century as it is now, there was conflict between church and state, each with their own agenda, and only one, pope or emperor could be supreme. | | | Frederick had promised to go on a crusade to expiate his sins, but he failed to do so. | | | Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Sicily, King of Jerusalem, has, since his death in 1250, enjoyed a reputation as one of the most remarkable monarchs in the history of Europe. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0195080408?v=glance
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| | Ancestors of Eugene Ashton ANDREW & Anna Louise HANISH Emperor Frederick GERMANY, II ANDREW ANGERMUELLER HANISH ... |
| | p66: "...[1244] Though the barons persisted in their refusal of an extraordinary grant, they agreed to pay an aid to marry the king's eldest daughter to the son of Frederick II...Further demands arose from the quarrel between Innocent IV and the emperor..." | | | In 1235 he married his sister Isabella to Frederick II, and henceforth manifested a strong interest in the affairs of his imperial brother-in-law. | | | Frederick married Queen Constancia Aragon HUNGARY, daughter of King Alfonso II ARAGON and Sancha CASTILE, in 1210. |
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http://www.geneal.net/1214.htm
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| | Sixth Crusade |
| | When he sent word to Gregory, Gregory excommunicated him. | | | Since Emperor Frederick II had failed to fulfill his vow in the Fifth Crusade, he came under papal pressure to do so now. | | | At the Council of Ferentino in 1223, Frederick renewed his Crusader vow in the presence of the Pope, the King of Jerusalem (John of Brienne, at the time), and the Grand Masters of the Military Orders. |
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http://jmgainor.homestead.com/files/PU/Cru/6cr.htm
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| | Kaiser Wilhelm II |
| | Kaiser Wilhelm II letter to the Chancellor of Prussia (4th April, 1917) | | | Kaiser Wilhelm II after a meeting with him on 5th July 1914. | | | We will frighten the British flag off the face of the waters and starve the British people until they, who have refused peace, will kneel and plead for it. |
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http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWkaiser.htm
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| | Frederick II |
| | The court was full of educated Arabs and Frederick got a Muslim view of Christianity as well as a Christian view of Islam. | | | Frederick grew up in Sicily as his mother was the daughter of the Norman King of Sicily. | | | The emperor got excommunicated a second time and this time Frederick proposed to his fellow princes a general confication of church property. |
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http://www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2/people_n2/ppersons5_n2/frederick2.html
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| | Medieval Sourcebook: Emperor Frederick II: The Imperial Precaria, 1241 |
| | Also from Friedberg: 120m., of which half is given to the Lord Emperor and half for their buildings. | | | The precaria which he asked from them varied with their size and economic condition, and took the place of the revenue he should have enjoyed from the crown lands which had, however, already been dissipated. | | | Also from Düren: 40m., of which one half goes to the Emperor and one-half for their buildings. |
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http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/1241Precaria.html
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| | Monadnock Review: "It is the love god's will" by Emperor Frederick II |
| | Monadnock Review: "It is the love god's will" by Emperor Frederick II It is the love god's will | | | Note: Frederick figures in the poem Falconry by Rainer Maria Rilke, as does his advisor Piero delle Vigne in the thorn forest passage from Canto 13 of Dante's Inferno. | | | I kneel to beg that one so fine |
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http://www.monadnock.net/translations/it_amore.html
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| | Conrad IV on Encyclopedia.com |
| | 1228-54, German king (1237-54), king of Sicily and of Jerusalem (1250-54), son of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II. | | | He was elected (1237) king of the Romans at his father's instigation after Frederick had deposed Conrad's older brother Henry in Germany. | | | When Frederick II died (1250) Conrad carried on the struggle with the pope, who was determined to bring about the downfall of the house of Hohenstaufen and to rule in Italy. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/c/conrad4.asp
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| | Frederick II, Holy Roman emperor and German king |
| | Frederick II Frederick II, 1194–1250, Holy Roman emperor (1220–50) and German king (1212–20), king of Sicily (1197–1250), and king of Jerusalem (1229–50), son of Holy Roman Emperor | | | Frederick II, Holy Roman emperor and German king | | | Related content from HighBeam Research on: Frederick II, Holy Roman emperor and German king |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0819535.html
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| | HomeCollectionsCoin CabinetMiddle AgesAugustalis |
| | The new coin was called the augustalis (20.5 Karat, 5.25 g), was struck in Messina and Brindisi, and was one of the most beautiful gold coins of the Middle Ages. | | | Emperor Frederick II was continuing this tradition, when he revived European minting in gold in the year 1231. | | | Thus Frederick ushered in a new age of Western numismatic history, which was to begin making its full effect on economic policy only 20 years later, in the year 1252, with the creation in Florence of the fiorini doro, or gold florins. |
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http://www.khm.at/staticE/page631.html
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| | Salza, Hermann von on Encyclopedia.com |
| | In 1226, Duke Conrad of Mazovia asked the Teutonic Order for aid against the heathen Prussians, who had taken his territory of Chelmno (Kulm); he offered Chelmno to the order in return. | | | A friend and adviser of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, he often mediated between the emperor and Pope Gregory IX. | | | In the same year Hermann obtained from Frederick II vast privileges for his order and recognition of his lordship over Chelmno. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/S/Salza-H1e.asp
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| | National Sporting Library - NSL Collection Highlights - The Art of Falconry by Emperor Frederick II |
| | First written shortly before the year 1250 by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and entitled De Arte Venandi cum Avibus, this work is a product of the early Italian Renaissance and is regarded as the first zoological treatise written in the critical spirit of modern science. | | | The crown jewel of a small but noteworthy collection of falconry literature, this tome is a classic of not only the sport of falconry, but of ornithology in general. | | | Please take time to browse the Library's stacks, where you will find other books on falconry, as well as a broad collection of other field sport subjects. |
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http://www.nsl.org/jan1bk.htm
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| | FREDERICK II ROMAN EMPEROR |
| | Rather, we wish to spread a correct view of a man who, loved and hated as he has been, is without doubt worthy of our maximum consideration. | | | THE NORMAN ORIGINS OF FREDERICK II Home page |
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http://www.stupormundi.it/inglese/Federico-II.html
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| | Find in a Library: Emperor Frederick II. |
| | Subjects: Frederick -- II, -- Holy Roman Emperor, -- 1194-1250. | | | WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries. | | | To find a library, type in a postal code, state, province, or country. |
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http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/32405944e0973af6.html
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