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| | Egoism and Altruism Considered |
 | | Egoism and altruism are antagonistic and incompatible doctrines. | | | Give me the men who never use these honeyed phrases and nine times out of ten they are doing more substantial good in the world than those who boast of their "altruistic" service. | | | One can no more believe in egoism and altruism at the same time than he can accept both determinism and free-will. |
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http://www.skeptical-christian.net/essays/egoism.html
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| | The Philosophy of Egoism, by James L. Walker |
| | His Egoism was after the current ideas of rudimentary Egoism which orthodox Moralists propagate and his former associates simply regretted that he was no longer militant or contributory to the Atheistic church. | | | If Egoism were the same and as narrow in meaning as egotistic, of course the question would have to differently answered. | | | Like the preachers who picture the pleasure of sin and urge people to refrain from it, their attempts are inevitably futile. |
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http://www.nonserviam.com/egoistarchive/walker/walker.html
(19124 words)
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| | Egoism [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy] |
| | If we move away from the imaginary construct of a single being’s world, ethical egoism comes under fire from more pertinent arguments. | | | Herbert Spencer said, “Ethics has to recognize the truth, recognized in unethical thought, that egoism comes before altruism. | | | If, in the wilderness, two people simultaneously come across the only source of drinkable water a potential dilemma arises if both make a simultaneous claim to it. |
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http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/e/egoism.htm
(4051 words)
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| | What's Wrong With Egoism? |
| | But (I claim) there is no sound argument for egoism, and I am willing to assume for the sake of argument that there is no sound argument for any other moral theory either. | | | The argument is simple: If egoism is true, then it is false. | | | It might be reasonable to accept it if there were a powerful or compelling argument for egoism in the first place. |
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http://personal.bgsu.edu/~roberth/egoism.html
(10298 words)
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| | Egoism |
| | Ethical egoism then says that it is right for me to do something I cannot aim to do. | | | Hedonism, which identifies self-interest with pleasure, is either a preference or an objective account, according to whether what counts as pleasure is determined by one's desires. | | | If self-interest is identified with the satisfaction of all of one's preferences, then all intentional action is self-interested (at least if intentional actions are always explained by citing preferences, as most believe). |
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http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/egoism
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| | Psychological Egoism and Ethical Egoism |
| | This “deep” egoism would also be true if seeking the good of others were, as a matter of fact, the major and most gratifying source of happiness for people. | | | The premise of the argument (psychological egoism or hedonism) is highly questionable, for the reasons given in the first part of this handout. | | | So the argument against egoism is that ethical egoists must ultimately contradict themselves. |
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http://instruct.westvalley.edu/lafave/Egoism.html
(2110 words)
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| | Rednova NEWS Deontological egoism |
| | When I said that egoism and self-referential altruism would form a central part of the good life, I was of course using these terms themselves to describe kinds of activity and kinds of motivation. | | | The fourth objection is that, even if DE is an ambitious moral theory and a form of egoism, it is to be rejected on grounds that it has counterintuitive consequences. | | | One well- known philosopher refers to it as "a pernicious doctrine," claiming that it encourages people to adopt "a wicked attitude."20 Whether this is so is beyond the scope of this essay, and not just because it is (in part) an empirical matter. |
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http://www.rednova.com/modules/news/tools.php?tool=print&id=9013
(8774 words)
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| | Egoism |
| | Egoism: Hindu Festivals - Durga Puja or Navaratri | | | Egoism: How Yoga is a way of conquering Death | | | Read more here: » Spiritual Practice: Spiritual Practice of Sadhana |
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http://www.experiencefestival.com/egoism
(953 words)
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| | EGOISM - LoveToKnow Article on EGOISM |
| | Again, we may contrast the early Greek hedonists, who bade each man seek the greatest happiness (of whatever kind), with modern utilitarian and social hedonists, who prefer the greatest good or the greatest happiness of the greatest number. | | | Both these ideas derive from the original meaning of ego, myself, as opposed to everything which is outside myself. | | | Egoism merely asserts that the self is all-important in the application of moral principles, and does not in any way supply the material of these principles. |
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http://30.1911encyclopedia.org/E/EG/EGOISM.htm
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| | Chapter Four The Ethics of Selfishness: Egoism |
| | Karl Popper, one of the most influential figures in twentieth-century philosophy of science, was impressed by the apparent explanatory power of the unfalsifiable beliefs characteristic of Freudian, Marxist, and many religious frameworks. | | | Certainly, they could be classified along this axis, but to do so in their cases would be neither illuminating nor helpful. | | | Because there is no distinction between apparent pleasure and genuine pleasure, there is no distinction between apparent self-interest and genuine self-interest for the hedonistic self. |
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http://ethics.acusd.edu/LMH/E2/ChapterFour.html
(13862 words)
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| | The Rights (and Wrongs) of Ayn Rand |
| | Somewhat surprisingly, he presents the hypothetical argument as the core of Rand’s validation of egoism: “Morality is no more than a means to an end; it defines the causes we must enact if we are to attain a certain effect.... | | | And we could not be sure of that unless something much stronger than the already criticized Harmony Thesis were universally true. | | | Though neither Rand’s metaphysical argument nor its attempted reformulation can be regarded as successful, a significant strand in her case for egoism is still to be considered – her epistemological argument. |
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http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Olympus/2178/rand.html
(10548 words)
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| | Philosophy 106: Psychological and Ethical Egoism |
| | For example, ethical egoism explains why you shouldn't lie: if you lie, people will stop trusting you, and this will not be in your own self-interest. | | | What kind of evidence could show that 2+2=4 is false? | | | But even if we grant that people always act according to their strongest desire, it does not follow that psychological egoism is true. |
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http://www-class.unl.edu/phil106b/egoism.html
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| | Ethical Egoism: Rachels Chapt. 6 |
| | The Argument That Ethical Egoism is Unacceptably Arbitrary | | | The Argument That Ethical Egoism is Self-Defeating (LH) | | | The Argument the Ethical Egoism is Logically Inconsistent |
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http://members.aol.com/wutsamada2/ethics/rachels6.htm
(1567 words)
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| | Egoism |
| | He who thus knows the Lord lying in the cave(Heart of people), the Supreme, Ancient Being, of universal form, the golden one, the highest goal of all persons endued with understanding, - that intelligent man lives, transcending the understanding. | | | From Egoism were verily born the five great elements. | | | That Egoism is said to be the source of all creatures, for these have sprung from its modifications. |
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http://www.hinduism.co.za/egoism.htm
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| | Open Directory - Society: Philosophy: History of Philosophy: 19th Century: Egoism |
| | Stirner's Egoism - An introduction to Stirner's ideas in contrast to religion. | | | Egoism - Definition of egoism, spotlight on various schools. | | | Egoist Webring - Sites of people who acknowledge egoism either philosophically or psychologically. |
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http://dmoz.org/Society/Philosophy/History_of_Philosophy/19th_Century/Egoism
(217 words)
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| | Textbook Egoism: |
| | To begin with, most authors discuss ethical egoism without explaining why its proponents adopt it in the first place. | | | For one thing, we can't take egoism as a freestanding and arbitrary commitment; we need to see why an egoist would adopt egoism in the first place. | | | Egoism, then, underwrites a form of moral realism. |
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http://www.nd.edu/~ndphilo/papers/gotthelfreview.htm
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| | CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Egoism |
| | This self-realization is not egoism; for egoism makes self the centre, the beginning and the end of action. | | | On the other hand, the virtuous man sub-ordinates himself to the moral good, which in the last analysis is identified with God. | | | Hence in pursuing the moral good, I am implicitly pursuing my own happiness. |
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http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05328a.htm
(960 words)
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| | The Truth in Psychological Egosim |
| | Nonetheless, I will offer arguments indicating its plausibility. | | | This thesis is plausible when seen against the backdrop of my previous arguments against psychological egoism. | | | Egoism must thus be understood as making the stronger claim: that people always choose that action they think will promote their self-interest better than any known available option. |
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http://www.stpt.usf.edu/hhl/papers/egoism.htm
(5307 words)
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| | Amazon.com: Books: The Virtue of Selfishness |
| | Perhaps the most profound is the false dichotomy that man must either be an altruist or a crook. | | | Rand's basic claim is that man's life should be used as a moral criterion, and a moral life supplicates a rational means of elucidating information and identifying what is right and what is wrong. | | | With this NEW concept of egoism, Rand and Nathaniel Brandon explain that MY happiness should be my most important goal, but not to satisfy my happiness with whims, cheap thrills, or hedonistic kicks. |
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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0451163931?v=glance
(2898 words)
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| | Ethical egoism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Ethical egoism is belief that one ought to do what is in one's own self-interest. | | | For other senses of this word, see egoism (disambiguation). | | | Ethical egoism is in contrast with the ethical doctrine of altruism which holds that individuals have an ethical obligation to help or serve others. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethical_egoism
(426 words)
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| | Ethical Egoism |
| | Universal ethical egoism is the universal doctrine that all persons should pursue their own interests exclusively. | | | Practically speaking, the doctrine is similar to solipicism--there's no way to justify the belief since it applies to just one person. | | | This objection holds-there have to be some impartial decisions, and the belief that each person should seek his own interest does not tell how a person should act in this instance. |
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http://philosophy.lander.edu/ethics/ethical_ego.html
(1001 words)
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| | Psychological egoism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | Finally, psychological egoism has also been accused of using circular logic: "If a person willingly performs an act, that means he derives personal enjoyment from it; therefore, people only perform acts that give them personal enjoyment". | | | It can be contrasted both with altruism and with ethical egoism, which is the view that we always ought to be motivated by self-interest and disregard the interests of the community. | | | Psychological egoism is the view that we are always motivated by self-interest, even in seeming acts of altruism. |
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http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_egoism
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| | Psychological Egoism |
| | The distinction between psychological egoism and ethical egoism reflect the contrast of "is" verses "ought," "fact" verses "value," or "descriptive" verses "prescriptive." | | | The fact that all persons seek their self-interest on this theory is true, and this fact is nonmoral. | | | Ethical egoism does not claim that all persons seek their own self-interest; ethical egoism only claims that we should or ought seek our self-interest. |
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http://philosophy.lander.edu/ethics/egoism.html
(1146 words)
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| | Lecture 4—Egoism |
| | Common-sense Egoism: According to this view, egoism is a vice. | | | Moreover, what one most wants may not be in their own self-interest (e.g., giving money to Amnesty International rather than buying a new CD). | | | Egoism as a Means to the Common Good |
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http://www.angelfire.com/ab3/freewill/CMILecture4.htm
(868 words)
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| | Egoism |
| | Psychological Egoism - is the discriptive claim that all people always act in their own self-interest. | | | As such it has been claimed by some that it is not really a philosophical thesis at all. | | | Personal Egoism - is the discriptive claim that I will always act in my own self-interest. |
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http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/~bfvaughan/text/lex/defs/egoism.html
(157 words)
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| | Egoism |
| | This is the claim that humans by nature are motivated only by self-interest. | | | If ethical egoism is true, that appears to imply that psychological egoism is false: there would be no point to saying that we ought to do what we must do by nature. | | | It seems that anyone who truly believed in individualistic ethical egoism could not promote the theory without inconsistency. |
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http://webs.wofford.edu/kaycd/ethics/egoism.htm
(602 words)
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| | The Fallacies of Egoism and Altruism, and the Fundamental Principle of Morality |
| | The State of Nature has a Law of Nature to govern it, which obliges every one: And Reason, which is that Law, teaches all Mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his Life, Health, Liberty, or Possessions. | | | The Fallacies of Egoism and Altruism, and the Fundamental Principle of Morality |
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http://www.friesian.com/moral-1.htm
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| | egoism on Encyclopedia.com |
| | The term has been variously used, from the benevolent self-interest of the utilitarians to the belief, articulated by Friedrich Nietzsche, that all altruistic sentiment is cowardice. | | | Egoism is frequently associated with the ethics of the early Greek hedonists. | | | Some modern philosophers attempt to reconcile egoism and altruism by adducing the concept of the growing self who invests his interests in an ever-widening field. |
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http://www.encyclopedia.com/html/e1/egoism.asp
(254 words)
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| | Egoism |
| | In act egoism the egoist would evaluate the action based on his own internal egoistic beliefs. | | | Determine the alternative actions that are possible in the situation and their consequences. | | | In rule egoism the egoist would evaluate actions based upon mutually agreed upon rules (these are rules that egoists have agreed to for the common function of society in a realization that some mutual rules are to their own benefit). |
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http://www.lcsc.edu/cascade/ns350/egoism.htm
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| | The Ism Book: E |
| | However, in practical usage egoism is often equated with egotism and a total disinterest in or disregard for other people. | | | Egoism (Doctrine or Principle in ethics) &; In philosophical content, egoism is really no different from individualism. | | | In practical terms, egalitarian policies in political reality usually focus on the equal re-distribution of wealth, often verging on socialism. |
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http://www.saint-andre.com/ismbook/E.html
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| | Omniseek: /Arts & Humanities /Humanities /Philosophy /Egoism /Society: Philosophy: Objectivism |
| | This list is for discussion of the following: Egoism as a philosophy. | | | The egoism ring consists of people who acknowledge egoism either philosophically or psychologically. | | | As a metaethical theory of motivation, psychological egoism asserts the descriptive claim that all of our actions can be reduced to self-interest: "Whenever people do something, it is only because they... |
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http://www.omniseek.com/srch/{70413}
(308 words)
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| | The Egoist Archive, The Home of Egoism on the Net |
| | For those who are new to Stirnerite egoism, I've compiled a list of short excerpts which address fundamental points. | | | Different aspects of egoism are elaborated, mainly from the perspective of Stirnerite egoists. | | | He opposed Communism, Humanism, and Socialism with his radical egoism. |
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http://www.nonserviam.com/egoistarchive
(336 words)
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| | Urban Dictionary: egoism |
| | The egoist, or one who follows egoism, seeks to better himself and views others a mutual partners and possible traders. | | | The philosophy believing that all good and productive effort begins with the individual. | | | But if you want it, then I'll give you two dollars for that good looking hamburger. |
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http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=egoism
(144 words)
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| | Philosophical Egoism: Stirner |
| | Hereby the latter has become the true person before whom the individual personality vanishes; not I live, but it lives in me. Therefore, in comparison with the former self-seeking, this was unselfishness and impersonality itself. | | | Before this god--State--all egoism vanished, and before it all were equal; they were without any other distinction--men, nothing but men. | | | This subordination of men to a higher concept occurred in social liberalism, only here the object became Society instead of the State. |
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http://www.nonserviam.com/stirner/reviews/fredrics.html
(2813 words)
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| | Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy |
| | It is interesting to note that while egoism rests on the principles of human psychology, a number of studies in the psychology of moral development seem to suggest that 'egoism' is in fact only a first stage in actual moral development. | | | This 'state of nature' would not be desirable (in Hobbes' terms, life would be "beastly, brutal, and short") and so it might ultimately be in one's self-interest to enter into a contract with others that would place restraints upon self-interested actions. | | | See excerpts from the Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on Egoism. |
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http://caae.phil.cmu.edu/Cavalier/80130/part2/sect7.html
(169 words)
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| | Brewer, E. Cobham. Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Egoism. |
| | Egoism is selfishness pure, altruism is selfish benevolence. | | | is to enunciate egoism as an ultimate principle of conduct.”—Spencer: Data of Ethics, p. | | | Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference > Brewer’s Dictionary > Egoism. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/81/5673.html
(107 words)
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| | Philosophical Dictionary: E proposition-Emotivism |
| | Psychological egoism holds that all human beings are, as a matter of fact, motivated to act only in pursuit of their own (at least apparent) advantage, never for the sake of others. | | | Though often held jointly, the distinction between fact and value clearly renders the two views distinct: some might argue that human beings ought to act on their own behalf even though they don't always do so, while others could suppose that they invariably do act selfishly even though they ought not. | | | Ethical egoism is the normative theory that right conduct can be defined in terms of (an enlightened notion of) one's own welfare. |
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http://www.philosophypages.com/dy/e.htm
(1284 words)
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| | Egoism |
| | This is the main idea of my variant of egoism which I have named "rational egoism". | | | Similarly, we cannot be certain that an egoist behaves in a moral way, but nonetheless a progress of society is possible. | | | Egoism is a philosophical theory developed by Max Stirner. |
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http://www.ilja-schmelzer.de/egoism
(150 words)
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| | VARIETIES OF EGOISM AND HEDONISM |
| | 46).] Descriptive Egoism implies that whenever an agent has a choice between two acts A and B, if she believes that act A will benefit her personally more than act B, then she will always do act A, and never do act B. Some useful terms: | | | DESCRIPTIVE EGOISM ("PSYCHOLOGICAL EGOISM") = the purely descriptive claim that all human motivation is ultimately self-interested--that is, aimed at benefiting oneself. | | | PARADOX OF EGOISM: For human beings, attempting to maximize the satisfaction of one's self-interested goals and desires may not maximize one's happiness. |
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http://faculty.washington.edu/wtalbott/phil240/hdego.htm
(717 words)
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| | egoism - Thesaurus |
| | Noun: selfishness adj.; self-love, self- indulgence, self-worship, self-interest; egotism, egoism; amour propre,&c. |
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http://www.yourthesaurus.net/egoism.html
(127 words)
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| | Merriam-Webster Online |
| | For More Information on "egoism" go to Britannica.com | | | Get the Top 10 Search Results for "egoism" |
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http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?egoism
(89 words)
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| | Practical Freedom - Freedom Portal |
| | Controversies - Link portal database to education related, youth activism, libertarian, anarchism, news, links | | | Individualist Anarchist Society - Anarcho-capitalist student group from Berkeley | | | Egoist Archive - The Home of Egoism on the Net |
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http://www.buildfreedom.com/ft/egoism.htm
(312 words)
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