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| | History of Buddhism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
 | | The Kushans were supportive of Buddhism, and a fourth Buddhist council was convened by the Kushan emperor Kanishka, around 100 CE at Jalandhar or in Kashmir, and is usually associated with the formal rise of Mahayana Buddhism and its scission from Theravada Buddhism. | | | According to the Buddhist tradition, the historical Buddha Siddharta Gautama was born to the Shakya clan that belonged to the Hindu warrior caste (Kshatriya), at the beginning of the Magadha period (546–324 BCE), in the plains of Lumbini, Southern Nepal. | | | The objective of the council was to record the Buddha's sayings (sutra) and codify monastic rules (vinaya): Ananda, one of the Buddha's main disciples and his cousin, was called upon to recite the discourses of the Buddha, and Upali, another disciple, recited the rules of the vinaya. |
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http://www.bucyrus.us/project/wikipedia/index.php/History_of_Buddhism
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| | Buddhism: Definition and Much More From Answers.com |
| | The Buddhist canon of scripture is known in Sanskrit as the Tripitaka and in Pāli as the Tipitaka. | | | The goal for the Buddhist is to attain nirvana, a state of complete peace in which one is free from the distractions of desire and self-consciousness. | | | A.D.) is the Pali canon of the Theravada school of Sri Lanka. |
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http://www.answers.com/topic/buddhism
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| | Early Buddhist schools - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |
| | The Theravāda School of Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand is descended from the Sthaviravādin School. | | | Divisions among the early Buddhist schools came about due to doctrinal or practical differences in the views of the Buddhist Sangha following the death of the Buddha. | | | Some remnants of other early schools do still exist: the Geluk School of Tibetan Buddhism still use a Sarvāstivāda vinaya, and Chinese schools use one from the Dharmagupta school. |
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earliest_Buddhism
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| | Hinayana |
| | However the term is still in current use to describe the early Buddhist schools, especially in Tibetan Buddhist circles because they inherited texts and teachings from all of the 'yanas' and simply adopted the terminolgy of the Mahayana Sutras. | | | Early Buddhism is frequently used, but is not entirely accurate because some of the 'early' schools arose later than the Mahayana schools. | | | Some remnants of these schools do still exist: the Geluk School of Tibetan Buddhism still use a Sarvastivada vinaya, and Chinese schools use one from the Dharmagupta school. |
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http://www.theezine.net/h/hinayana.html
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| | AllRefer.com - sunyata (Buddhism) - Encyclopedia |
| | This was a radical restatement of the central Buddhist teaching of non-self (anatman). | | | Early Buddhist schools of Abhidharma, or scholastic metaphysics, analyzed reality into ultimate entities, or dharmas, arising and ceasing in irreducible moments in time. | | | It is stressed by both Buddhist writers and Western scholars that emptiness is not an entity nor a metaphysical or cosmological absolute, nor is it nothingness or annihilation. |
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http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/S/sunyata.html
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| | Japanese Buddhism |
| | Buddhist institutions were once more attacked in the early years of the Meiji period, when the new Meiji government favored Shinto as the new state religion and tried to separate and emancipate it from Buddhism. | | | Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi fought the militant Buddhist monasteries (especially the Jodo sects) thoroughly in the end of the 16th century and practically extinguished Buddhist activities on the political sector. | | | During the early Heian period, two new Buddhist sects were introduced from China: the Tendai sect in 805 by Saicho and the Shingon sect in 806 by Kukai. |
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http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2055.html
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| | Resource Library/Living Buddhism |
| | Early Mahayana Buddhists proudly called themselves the “bodhisattva-samgha,” that is, a group of ordinary people who saw their innate Buddhahood and strove to manifest it while helping others do the same. | | | In the Buddhist texts, the usage of the term samgha was strictly distinguished from that of bhikkhu or bhiksu. | | | Nikayas are collections of Buddhist texts that are discourses attributed directly to the Buddha. |
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http://www.sokaspirit.org/resource/buddhism_12.shtml
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| | Buddhism - Wikibooks |
| | Ironically, the most important question in Buddhist Studies is whether or not it is accurate to think of Buddhism as a religion. | | | We are here not to preach about Buddhism, but embark on a scholarly studies of Buddhism as a subject. | | | The experiment to teach Buddhist Studies online is conceived as part of the movement to provide theology students from all over the world - an insight into Buddhism. |
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http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Buddhism
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| | Sarnath |
| | Sarnath became a major centre of the Sammatiya school of Buddhism (one of the early Buddhist schools of the Shravakayana (formerly known as the hinayana). | | | Sarnath means "Lord of the Deer" and relates to another old Buddhist story in which the Buddha is a deer and offers his life to a kind instead of the doe he is planning to kill. | | | Sarnath (formally Isipathana), located 13 kilometres from Varanasi, is the deer park where Gautama Buddha first taught the Dharma, and where the Buddhist Sangha was founded. |
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http://www.theezine.net/s/sarnath.html
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| | Buddhist Schools: Japanese Buddhist Schools. |
| | Eisai, whose form of Zen took on the name of Rinzai (Lin-chi, Ch.) affirmed the authority of the traditional Buddhist scriptures and used the koan or meditational riddle as a means of transcending linear thinking. | | | The Shingon belief system was tantric and taught that through mantras (short, repetitive incantations), meditation and the performance of hand gesture one can gain access to the power of the Buddhas and bodhisattvas. | | | 1253 C.E), also affirmed the validity of the Buddhist scriptures but de-emphasized the use of koans and focused solely on extended, silent meditation. |
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http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/history/b3schjap.htm
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| | The Doctrine of Svabhava or Svabhavata and the Questions of Anatman and Shunyata by David Reigle |
| | Buddhist schools sought to avoid emphasizing this teaching in any way which could be seen as holding a unitary eternal svabhava, apparently because of the similarity of this idea to the Hindu atman doctrine. | | | This distinctive teaching of Buddhism defines for Buddhists their teachings as Buddhist. | | | To trace it in the Buddhist texts we must necessarily do so in terms of the "dharmas," the word they use throughout for all the "elements of existence." Here we will need to reconcile their universally-held doctrine that all dharmas are anatman, or "without self," with the Theosophical teachings which regularly use the term atman. |
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http://www.blavatskyarchives.com/reigle01.html
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| | One of earliest Buddhist manuscripts acquired by University of Washington |
| | Gandhara was an early, vibrant center of Buddhism and occupied a pivotal role in the spread of Buddhism from India to Central Asia, China and the rest of East Asia. | | | The Early Buddhist Manuscripts Project is a partnership between the UW and the British Library. | | | A birch bark manuscript from a Buddhist monastery, believed to have been written in the first or second century A.D., was recently acquired by the University of Washington Libraries and will become a key component of the Early Buddhist Manuscripts Project. |
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http://www.washington.edu/newsroom/news/2002archive/08-02archive/k082002a.html
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| | Buddhist Studies: Abhidhamma |
| | This was as far as the Buddha himself went, but the early Buddhists continued the process of analysis until they arrived at what they believed to be the most basic constituents of reality which were called Dhammas. | | | The early Buddhists however came to understand change as being a discreet momentary event. | | | The Sutta Pitakas of the early Buddhist schools were almost identical while the Abhidammas theories often differed greatly from each other. |
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http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/dharmadata/fdd17.htm
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| | [No title] |
| | Outright rejection of the possibility of Buddhist environmental ethics on the grounds that the otherworldliness of "canonical " Buddhism implies a negation of the natural realm for all practical purposes (e.g., Hakamaya [6]). | | | There is general agreement of all of the early schools of Buddhism that //dharmas// are simple and discrete entities. | | | This seems to have led some early Buddhist schools to emphasise spatiality as against temporality, perhaps because this was perceived as entailing fewer intractable philosophical problems. |
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http://ftp.cac.psu.edu/pub/jbe/vol1/harris.txt
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| | University Week: Scholars working to decipher ancient Buddhist manuscript |
| | This manuscript was of particular interest to Salomon because he directs the Early Buddhist Manuscripts Project, which began in 1996 as a partnership with the British Library to analyze a scroll that came into the library’s possession. | | | Salomon was able to demonstrate that this was among the oldest Buddhist manuscripts in existence, dating from the first or second century. | | | We’ll learn what elements of the tradition were considered important at that time, and how Buddhist teachers of that era saw the history of their religion. |
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http://depts.washington.edu/~uweek/archives/2002.08.AUG_22/news_a.html
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| | Shunyata and Prititya Samutpada in Mahayana |
| | This was necessary, in part, because of the tendency among certain early Buddhist schools to assert that there were aspects of reality that were not sunya, but which had inherent in them their "own-being". | | | Several important Buddhist philosophers dismantled these theories by arguing for the pervasiveness of sunyata in every aspect of reality. | | | It is wonderfully subtle, and Buddhist philosophers have developed it beautifully. |
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http://www.humboldt.edu/~wh1/6.Buddhism.OV/6.Sunyata.html
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| | Hinayana |
| | Those who assert the idea tend to be among those who subscribe the idea of an early Mahayana schism, and who believe that there was a strong history of polemics between the early Mahayana and other early Buddhist schools. | | | Hinayana as ancient tradition would include those schools who solely followed such sutras, some of whom actively rejected the Mahayana sutras during the time of the rise of the Mahayana, around 2,000 years ago, cognate with most of the Early Buddhist Schools. | | | It is primarily the interpretation of Hinayana as a tradition that has led to the most concern, especially as many people have seen the term as a slur against the schools of Nikaya Buddhism—schools that solely follow the sutras given by Buddha that admonish the practitioner to achieve Sravaka-Buddhahood. |
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http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/H/Hinayana.htm
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| | Readings in Buddhist Philosophy |
| | The third phase of Buddhist philosophy is the formation of schools of Buddhist philosophy. | | | The readings in Buddhist philosophy are from early Buddhist dialogues found among the earliest Buddhist writings. | | | The problem of explaining Buddhist concepts to people who lived outside the milieu of Indian thinking was severe and challenged the ingenuity of Buddhist thinkers who wanted to be understood while remaining true to the original doctrine. |
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http://www.as.miami.edu/phi/bio/Buddha/bud-read.htm
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| | The Buddhist Monastic Code II: Introduction |
| | Very few scholars have written on the Khandhakas of other early Buddhist schools, so references in this volume to other early Buddhist canons are rare. | | | As in BMC1, I give preference to the earlier Theravadin sources when these conflict with later ones, but I do so with a strong sense of respect for the later sources, and without implying that my interpretation of the Canon is the only one valid. | | | For instance, the origin story to the rule permitting bhikkhus to accept gifts of robe-cloth from lay donors gives the life story of Jivaka Komarabhacca, the first lay person to give such a gift to the Buddha. |
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http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/thanissaro/bmc2/intro.html
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| | "Friends, There is Suffering" |
| | Reginald A. Ray, Ph.D., is Professor of Buddhist Studies at Naropa University and teacher in residence at Rocky Mountain Shambhala Center. | | | Truths two, three and four are merely commentaries that show us the full depth of the statement, "Friends, there is suffering." In fact, one of the early Buddhist schools insisted that if we fully understand the first noble truth, the others become unnecessary. | | | His new book is Secret of the Vajra World: The Tantric Buddhism of Tibet. |
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http://www.shambhalasun.com/Archives/Columnists/Ray/sept_01.htm
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| | Buddha and the Path to Enlightenment: IV. The Dhammapada and the Udanavarga |
| | According to the oldest Buddhist traditions, the Dhammapada emerged from the First Council shortly after Buddha's Parinirvana, and Buddhaghosha, who wrote extensive commentaries on the Pali canon in the fifth century A.D., accepted this tradition. | | | Reverence for Buddha, reliance upon the Dharma (and, therefore, karma) and refuge in the true Sangha are invaluable aids in gaining clarity of mind, preserving continuity of effort, and regenerating oneself at all stages of the Path to Enlightenment. | | | Even in the early stages, the constant outflow of gratitude for the life and message and presence of Buddha can spur one along the Path. |
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http://theosophy.org/tlodocs/BPTEDhUd.htm
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| | B |
| | BPH 3102 - The Buddhist Theory of Knowledge | | | BPH 4204 - Modern Law and Buddhist Disciplinary Rules. | | | BPH 3103 - The Study of Text Books (Pali) |
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http://www.ruh.ac.lk/Uni/Hss/pali/pa_buddhist_phil_s.htm
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| | Mahayana Buddhism |
| | Important new concepts already present in early Buddhist schools of Theravada (Mahasanghikas) | | | Written Middle Indic languages as well as in Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit | | | The same dharmic reality seen from two different levels of truth |
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http://rel1300-01.fa00.fsu.edu/Buddhism4.htm
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| | syl100 |
| | *E-text: Thai Buddhist Amulets (and look at the Pictures). | | | *E-text: Stunningly Brief Introduction to World Religions" read the first half of the section on "Buddhism" (up to the paragraph beginning "some of these early Buddhist schools..." | | | Describe your reaction to this passage, and the reasons why. |
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http://www2.carthage.edu/~lochtefe/100/syl100345.html
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| | Articles - Schools of Buddhism |
| | There are many divisions and subdivisions of the schools of Buddhism. | | | The following later schools used the Vinaya of the Dharmaguptaka: | | | The different schools in Theravada often emphasize different aspects (or parts) of the Pali Canon and the later commentaries, or differ in the focus on (and recommended way of) practice. |
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http://www.lastring.com/articles/Schools_of_Buddhism?mySession=1c3c84441f72b8d9054a7981a27c73ad
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