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| | Council of Chalcedon |
 | | The Council of Chalcedon, the fourth ecumenical council of the church, was summoned by the Eastern Emperor Marcion. | | | The Council of Chalcedon was the fourth ecumenical council of the Christian church. | | | The "Definition of the faith" was passed at the council's fifth session, and was solemnly promulgated at the sixth session in the presence of the emperor and the imperial authorities. |
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http://mb-soft.com/believe/txs/chalcedo.htm
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| | Council of Ephesus |
| | The orthodox were triumphant at Ephesus by their numbers and by the agreement of the papal legates. | | | Memnon, Bishop of Ephesus, was afraid of violence, and sent his clergy only to the church. | | | The mention of a Flavian, who seems to be the Bishop of Philippi, casts some doubt on this story, for that bishop did not arrive till later. |
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http://www.catholicity.com/encyclopedia/e/ephesus,council_of.html
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| | Robber Council of Ephesus |
| | The number of bishops present was 127, with eight representatives of absent bishops, and lastly the deacon Hilarus with his notary Dulcitius. | | | In this letter St. Leo had appealed to his dogmatic letter to Flavian, which he intended to be read at the council and accepted by it as a rule of faith. | | | It is almost incredible that immediately after receiving this message, the council proceeded to hear a number of petitions from monks and priests against Domnus himself. |
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http://www.catholicity.com/encyclopedia/e/ephesus,robber_council_of.html
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| | The Greek Orthodox Church of the Holy Cross - Studies in the Faith |
| | The Council therefore declared Arius' teaching a heresy, unacceptable to the Church and decreed that Christ is God. | | | It believes that the council is the chief organ whereby God has chosen to guide His people, and it regards the Catholic Church as essentially a conciliar Church. | | | The council's dogmatic authority in the western church was made clear by words of Pope Gregory I : "I confess that I accept and venerate the four councils (Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus and Chalcedon) in the same way as I do the four books of the holy Gospel. |
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http://www.goholycross.org/studies/councils.html
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| | ephesus |
| | From the 1st century onwards, Ephesus was visited by Christian disciples attempting to spread the Christian belief in a single God and thus forced to seek refuge from Roman persecution. | | | Ephesus remained under Persian rule until the arrival of Alexander the Great in 334 B.C., when it entered upon a fifty year period of peace and tranquillity. | | | The new outlook that had arisen with the spread of Christianity led to the gradual abandonment of all buildings bearing witness to the existence of polytheistic cults and the construction in their place of Christian churches. |
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http://www.turizm.net/cities/ephesus
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| | A History of Christianity in Egypt - A Church in Upheaval - The Council of Chalcedon |
| | The Council of Ephesus condemned and excommunicated Nestorius and labeled the belief as heretical, which indirectly led to the schism between the established Christian Church and the Christians in East Syria and Mesopotamia, and are now called the Syrian Orthodox, or Jacobite (after the sixth-century bishop Jacob Baradaeus), Church. | | | Nestorius, Bishop of Constantinople, had preached that Jesus was not one being comprising the human and the divine, but two beings, one human, one divine, that shared the same body. | | | The new problem was that the opposite belief had started, that of Jesus Christ as a single being in which human and divine were united, but that the human was subsumed and absorbed by the divine, instead of being in equal parts. |
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http://www.touregypt.net/chiste4.htm
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| | council, ecumenical. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 |
| | This is a manifestation of the infallibility of the teaching church, and papal infallibility is compared to it in the definition published by the First Vatican Council (see infallibility). | | | The traditional opinion is that when the bishops of the world unite to define belief in the light of what they have received from their predecessors, God will protect them from error. | | | The rest of the councils, all held in Western Europe, have dealt chiefly with church discipline and morals. |
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http://www.bartleby.com/65/co/council.html
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| | The Council of Chalcedon, |
| | Under the leadership of Bishop Memnon of Ephesus and Cyril the Great, Pope of Alexandria, the Council of Ephesus had opposed what it understood to be the teaching of Nestorius of Constantinople, and defined that Mary, the Mother of Jesus, is truly Theotokos, the one who gave birth to God. | | | Mary is Theotokos since motherhood is a relation between persons, not simply natures: she is the Mother of Jesus, God incarnate, not the mother of the divine nature or of the eternal Godhead. | | | Many interpreted Nestorius to teach that Jesus is two persons, the Divine Logos and the human Son of Mary, held in a merely "moral" unity by union of will, action and choice. |
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http://www.arimathea.co.uk/council.htm
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| | Council of Chalcedon and the Papacy -- Apolonio's Catholic Apologetics, Philosophy, Spirituality |
| | Council of Chalcedon and the Papacy -- Apolonio's Catholic Apologetics, Philosophy, Spirituality | | | At this same "Robber Council" of Ephesus, several other Eastern bishops were deposed from their sees for refusing to embrace Monophysitism. | | | Having the ear of the Eastern Emperor (who, being opposed to the dynasty that supported Nestorius, favored Eutyches' views), the heretical monk persuaded him to call another Council of Ephesus -- the so-called "Robber Council" of 449, in which the Roman teaching was rejected, and Monophysitism declared to be the orthodox doctrine of the Church. |
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http://www.bringyou.to/apologetics/a35.htm
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| | Epistle of the Council of Ephesus to Celestine in Rome |
| | Therefore we put off the assembling [of the council] after the appointed day of the Holy Pentecost for sixteen whole days; in the meanwhile many of the bishops and clerics were overtaken with illness, and much burdened by the expense, and some even died. | | | The Holy Synod which by the grace of God was assembled at Ephesus the Metropolis to the most holy and our fellow-minister Coelestine, health in the Lord. | | | But when all with zeal had come together, Nestorius alone was found missing from the council, thereupon the holy Synod sent him admonition in accordance with the canons by bishops, a first, second, and third time. |
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http://www.monachos.net/patristics/christology/ephesus_to_celestine.shtml
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| | Circle of Prayer - The Church in Crisis - A History of the General Councils 325 to 1870 - Chapter 3 |
| | And while the bishop of Ephesus forbade the churches of the city to Nestorius, Cyril was free to preach on Nestorius as the enemy of truth, the outcast already condemned by the pope. | | | One of the minor activities of the General Council of 381 was to provide a new bishop for the see it thought worthy of the second place in the Church, in place of Gregory of Nazianzen who had been forced out. | | | There is one Celestine, one Cyril, one faith of the council, one faith of the world-wide church." And then one of the papal legates intervened to point out that what Celestine's letter had said was that it was the council's business to carry out what he at Rome had decided should be done. |
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http://www.circleofprayer.com/church-crisis4.html
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| | Fifth century history of the church |
| | The council of Ephesus was convened in 431 to address the issue and pronounced that Jesus was one person in two distinct and inseparable natures: divine and human. | | | Monophysitism is an error concerning the nature of Christ that asserts Jesus had only one nature, not two as is taught in the correct doctrine of the hypostatic union: Jesus is both God and man in one person. | | | In 451, the Council of Chalcedon attempted to establish a common ground between the monophysitists and the orthodox, but it did not work and divisions arose in the Eastern church which eventually excommunicated the monophysitists in the 6th century. |
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http://biblia.com/history/fifth.htm
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| | Slaves of the Immaculate Heart of Mary : The Council of Ephesus |
| | An Ecumenical, or General Council of the Church, is a solemn assembly of the bishops of the world, convoked by the Pope and subject to his authority. | | | He sent to Ephesus an order that a delegation from each of the concerned parties present themselves before him in Constantinople, as quickly as possible — except for the three prisoners, who were to remain for the time in confinement. | | | This is our guess, and it is a very simple one: Theodosius was influenced by his sister, Pulcheria, Saint Pulcheria as the Church calls her, and it was her entreaties, her pleas to her brother that he do the will of God rather than the will of men, which changed the course of history. |
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http://www.catholicism.org/council-ephesus.html
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| | Pope Pius XI 25 December 1931 Council of Ephesus |
| | Philip the Priest also, in the presence of the whole Council, gave utterance to that excellent pronouncement on the Primacy of the Roman Church which is cited in the dogmatic Constitution Pastor Aetemus of the Vatican Council (Conc. | | | On these, as on a four square stone, the structure of the holy faith arises; and of whatever life or office he may be, whosoever does not hold their solidity, even though he is seen to be a stone, yet he lieth outside the edifice." (Migne, P.L. 77, 478; cf. | | | And indeed, Cyril in the letters and chapters already addressed to Nestorius beforehand, and inserted in the acts of this Ecumenical Synod, in wonderful agreement with the Roman Church, maintained these things in eloquent and reiterated words: "In no wise, therefore, is it lawful to divide the one Lord Jesus Christ into two Sons.... |
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http://www.ewtn.com/library/ENCYC/P11VERIT.HTM
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| | The Divine Maternity (Pastoral Letter by Bishop Pivarunas, CMRI) |
| | The feast of the Divine Maternity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was instituted by Pope Pius XI to commemorate the 1500th anniversary of the Council of Ephesus, the third Ecumenical Council of the Church. | | | This rejection of the Nestorian heresy by the faithful manifests to us that even before Pope St. Celestine I and the Council of Ephesus formally deposed Nestorius from his See of Constantinople and condemned his errors, the faithful had already professed the true doctrine of the Divine Maternity of Mary. | | | For Nestorius and his followers falsely believed that in Christ there were two Persons — one divine and the other human, so that Mary was only the mother of the human person. |
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http://www.cmri.org/95prog9-1.htm
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| | LightOfTruth |
| | So great was the piety of the people of Ephesus to the Virgin as Deipara, and so intense their love that on hearing the judgment of the Fathers of the Council they acclaimed them with an outpouring of joy, and forming ranks with blazing torches they accompanied them to their homes. | | | It should be clear to all therefore that Nestorius really preached heretical tenets, that the Patriarch of Alexandria was a strenuous defender of Catholic Faith, and that the Pontiff Celestine, with the Council of Ephesus, guarded the ancient Doctrine and the Supreme Authority of the Apostolic See. | | | Surely She, the great Parens Dei, smiling sweetly from Heaven on that remarkable spectacle, took care of Her children of Ephesus and all the Faithful of Christ in the Catholic world who were disturbed by the treachery of the Nestorian heresy, with Maternal Heart and ever ready assistance. |
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http://home.earthlink.net/~slrorer/LightOfTruth.htm
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| | A Place for Truth Studies Page - Part 6 |
| | Pelagianism, thus officially rejected in the West and the East, lived on in less extreme forms, and has always represented a tendency in the thinking of the church. | | | Important Creeds and Councils of the Christian Church | | | A letter was sent from Paulinus, a deacon of Milan to Aurelius charging Celestius with six errors that Pelagius had taught him (see Pelagius' Doctrines below). |
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http://www.aplacefortruth.org/creeds6.htm
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| | ST. HILARY |
| | The Pope attributed his escape from the wild Monophysites at Ephesus to the intercession of the Beloved Disciple, and to show his gratitude he built this beautiful oratory. | | | Over its doors may still be seen the inscription, "To his deliverer, Blessed John the Evangelist, Bishop Hilary, the Servant of Christ." Hilary built two more churches and spent freely in decorating still others. | | | Packed with Monophysites and presided over by Dioscorus, the patriarch of Alexandria, the assembly refused to listen to the protests of the papal legates. |
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http://www.cfpeople.org/Books/Pope/POPEp46.htm
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| | New Catholic Dictionary: The Third Council of Ephesus |
| | Presided over by Saint Cyril, Patriarch of Alexandria, it condemned Nestorius, the Bishop of Constantinople, who taught that Mary did not bring forth the Word of God, but the Man who became the temple of the Godhead, "the animated purple of the King." The decision of the council was received with wide acclaim. | | | New Catholic Dictionary: The Third Council of Ephesus |
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http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/ncd03043.htm
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| | June 22: The council of Ephesus deals with Nestorius |
| | It was called to resolve a dogmatic controversy that had divided the church into two main camps. | | | Theodosius, who called the Council, believed that the strength of his empire depended upon true worship of God without the intermingling of falsehood. | | | Alexandria wanted a Patriarch who would understand the needs of the African Church and listen to her theologians. |
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http://chi.gospelcom.net/DAILYF/2001/06/daily-06-22-2001.shtml
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| | Council of Ephesus |
| | Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches: Councils and Treaties | | | ecumenical council: Authority of the Councils - Authority of the Councils The traditional opinion is that when the bishops of the world unite to... | | | For the Robber Synod (Latrocinium) of Ephesus, see |
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http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0817465.html
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| | NPNF (V2-14) (i) |
| | PHILIP SCHAFF, D.D., LL.D. and HENRY WACE, D.D. The Seven Ecumenical Councils | | | This book has been accessed more than 296595 times since 2005-06-01. | | | Together with the Canons of All the Local Synods which have Received Ecumenical Acceptance. |
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http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.titlepage.html
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